NDLI: Toxicity of three insecticides and tobacco extract against the fungus gnat, Lycoriella auripila and the economic injury level of the gnat on button mushroom

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Shirvani Farsani, Najmeh Zamani, Abbas Ali Abbasi, Saeed Kheradmand, Katayoon
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Lycoriella auripila (Winnertz) (Diptera: Sciaridae) is one of the most frequently seen pests of cultivated mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach. The effects of different concentrations of diazinon, imidacloprid and deltamethrin, and tobacco extract were tested against L. auripila on varieties 737 and A15 of button mushroom. Also, economic injury level (EIL) of fungus gnat was evaluated on variety 737. Different varieties of button mushroom were cultured and weight of harvested mushrooms was recorded to provide an estimate of yield loss. A linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between pest density and mushroom yield. Imidacloprid was the most effective insecticide against L. auripila on both varieties and caused 100 % control at the highest tested concentration. The lowest concentration of diazinon (500 ppm a.i.) increased pest emergence on 737 and A15. This is possibly due to the hormoligosis. Deltamethrin and tobacco extract were ineffective against fungus gnat between both varieties. High levels of adults of L. auripila were associated with significant reduction in mushroom yield. EIL were calculated according to the number of L. auripila required to cause the critical yield loss from the predictive model and by control costs, mushroom price, and the reduction of injury due to spraying by imidacloprid and diazinon. The lowest values of EIL were related to imidacloprid compared with diazinon. This is due to the different efficiency of these two insecticides, for it causes mortality in population of L. auripila. Based on this research, for the first time clear EILs are introduced to the button mushroom growers for treatment of L. auripila.
Starting Page	591
Ending Page	597
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16124758
Journal	Journal of Pest Science
Volume Number	86
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	16124766
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-03-12
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Lycoriella auripila Diptera Sciaridae Button mushroom Economic injury level Pest management Entomology Agriculture Plant Pathology Ecology Forestry Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Plant Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Insect Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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