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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Spottiswoode, Claire N. Olsson, Urban Mills, Michael S. L. Cohen, Callan Francis, Julian E. Toye, Negussie Hodditt, David Dagne, Abiy Wood, Chris Donald, Paul F. Collar, Nigel J. Alström, Per |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | The African lark genus Heteromirafra is thought to consist of three threatened species inhabiting mid-altitude grasslands, one in South Africa and two in the Horn of Africa. One of the latter, Archer’s Lark H. archeri of Somaliland, has not been seen with certainty since 1922. We surveyed its type locality as well as a nearby area of grassland east of Jijiga in adjacent north-eastern Ethiopia, where sightings of Heteromirafra larks have recently been made. First, we used a combination of morphological and molecular evidence to show that these recent sightings refer to the same taxon as Archer’s Lark. Second, we used a combination of morphological, molecular and vocal evidence to show that these populations are conspecific with the Liben (Sidamo) Lark H. sidamoensis of southern Ethiopia, but that the Horn of Africa populations are highly distinct from Rudd’s Lark H. ruddi of South Africa. Third, we suggest that the extent and quality of their habitat in north-eastern Ethiopia is small and poor, and that the type locality of Archer’s Lark in Somaliland has been completely transformed. Taken together, these results imply that there is a single species of Heteromirafra in the Horn of Africa (for which the scientific name H. archeri has priority, and which we suggest retains the English name Liben Lark), consisting of two tiny populations separated by 590 km of apparently unsuitable habitats. Environmental niche models suggest that there are no environmentally similar locations elsewhere within the region. Despite the discovery of a second population, the Liben Lark remains a highly threatened species in urgent need of conservation intervention to avert the extinction of both of its populations. Die Wiederentdeckung einer lange verschollenen Lerchenart belegt die Konspezifität der gefährdeten Heteromirafra -Populationen am Horn von Afrika Die afrikanische Lerchengattung Heteromirafra besteht Annahmen zufolge aus drei bedrohten Arten, die Grasland in mittleren Höhenstufen besiedeln—eine davon in Südafrika, die zwei anderen am Horn von Afrika. Eine der beiden letzteren, die Somalispornlerche H. archeri, konnte in Somaliland seit 1922 nicht mehr mit Sicherheit nachgewiesen werden. Wir untersuchten sowohl die Typuslokalität als auch ein benachbartes Graslandgebiet östlich von Jijiga im angrenzenden Nordost-Äthiopien, wo kürzlich Heteromirafra-Lerchen gesichtet wurden. Erstens konnten wir durch eine Kombination aus morphologischen und molekularen Anhaltspunkten zeigen, dass es sich bei diesen neuerlichen Beobachtungen um dasselbe Taxon wie die Somalispornlerche handelt. Zweitens gelang es, mittels einer Kombination aus morphologischen, molekularen und bioakustischen Hinweisen zu belegen, dass diese Populationen konspezifisch mit der Sidamospornlerche H. sidamoensis des südlichen Äthiopiens sind, sich die Populationen am Horn von Afrika aber deutlich von der Transvaalspornlerche H. ruddi in Südafrika unterscheiden. Drittens vermuten wir, dass der Lebensraum in Nordost-Äthiopien von kleinem Ausmaß und schlechter Qualität ist und dass sich die Typuslokalität in Somaliland seither vollständig verändert hat. In der Summe legen diese Ergebnisse nahe, dass es am Horn von Afrika nur eine einzige Heteromirafra-Art gibt (für die der wissenschaftliche Name H. archeri Priorität besitzt und für die wir den englischen Namen Liben Lark (deutsch: Libenlerche) vorschlagen), welche aus zwei winzigen, durch 590 km offenbar ungeeignete Habitate getrennte Populationen besteht. Ökologische Nischenmodellierungen legen nahe, dass es in dieser Region nirgends Orte mit vergleichbaren Lebensräumen gibt. Trotz der Entdeckung einer zweiten Population bleibt die Libenlerche eine äußerst bedrohte Art, die dringend auf Schutzmaßnahmen angewiesen ist, damit es nicht zum Aussterben beider Populationen kommt. |
| Starting Page | 813 |
| Ending Page | 825 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 21937192 |
| Journal | Journal für Ornithologie |
| Volume Number | 154 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 21937206 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2013-04-17 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | African birds Biogeography Environmental niche mtDNA Zoology Animal Ecology Evolutionary Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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