NDLI: Seasonal and inter-annual variability in alkalinity in Liverpool Bay (53.5° N, 3.5° W) and in major river inputs to the North Sea

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hydes, David J. Hartman, Susan E.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	A critical factor controlling changes in the acidity of coastal waters is the alkalinity of the water. Concentrations of alkalinity are determined by supply from rivers and by in situ processes such as biological production and denitrification. A 2-year study based on 15 cruises in Liverpool Bay followed the seasonal cycles of changing concentrations of total alkalinity (TA) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in relation to changes caused by the annual cycle of biological production during the mixing of river water into the Bay. Consistent annual cycles in concentrations of nutrients, TA and DIC were observed in both years. At a salinity of 31.5, the locus of primary production during the spring bloom, concentrations of NO x decreased by 25 ± 4 μmol kg−1 and DIC by 106 ± 16 μmol kg−1. Observed changes in TA were consistent with the uptake of protons during primary biological production. Concentrations of TA increased by 33 ± 8 μmol kg−1 (2009) and 33 ± 15 μmol kg−1 (2010). The impact of changes in organic matter on the measured TA appears likely to be small in this area. Thomas et al. (2009) suggested that denitrification may enhance the CO2 uptake of the North Sea by 25%, in contrast we find that although denitrification is a significant process in itself, it does not increase concentrations of TA relative to those of DIC and so does not increase buffer capacity and potential uptake of CO2 into shelf seawaters. For Liverpool Bay historical data suggest that higher concentrations of TA during periods of low flow are likely to contribute in part to the observed change in TA between winter and summer but the appropriate pattern cannot be identified in recent low-frequency river data. On a wider scale, data for the rivers Mersey, Rhine, Elbe and Weser show that patterns of seasonal change in concentrations of TA in river inputs differ between river systems.
Starting Page	321
Ending Page	333
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16167341
Journal	Deutsche Hydrografische Zeitschrift
Volume Number	62
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	16167228
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2011-12-03
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Seasonality Total alkalinity Total dissolved inorganic carbon Nutrients Organic alkalinity Denitrification Liverpool Bay Mersey Rhine Elbe Weser Oceanography Meteorology/Climatology Environmental Monitoring/Analysis Geophysics/Geodesy Fluid- and Aerodynamics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Oceanography

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