NDLI: Grouted-in Pressure Transducers: Implications for Hydrogeological Testing and Monitoring in Bedrock

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zawadzki, Willy Chorley, Don
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Grouted-in pressure transducers are commonly deployed at open pit and underground mines to monitor hydraulic heads in bedrock near the mine working and to provide information on the progress of dewatering/depressurization efforts. Grout mixtures typically have a lower hydraulic conductivity than permeable features that act as conduits for groundwater flow in bedrock. Therefore, a question often arises as to how grout properties affect measurements of hydraulic head when compared to installations with pressure transducers embedded in sand pack or installed in conventional standpipe piezometers. A series of numerical simulations have been completed to illustrate the hypothetical response of a grouted-in pressure transducers and the response of an “ideal” instrument that is not affected by grout properties. For the range of parameters tested, these simulations indicated that the grouted-in transducers resulted in a “lag” in pressure response of a few hours following initiation of the hydraulic stress compared to the response of the sand packed transducer. Thus, care needs to be exercised when estimating hydrogeological properties from tests that rely on a network of grouted-in transducers. The numerical simulations also suggested that approximately 1 day after the initiation of hydraulic stress, the readings recorded by a grouted-in transducer were essentially the same as readings that would be obtained from an “ideal” instrument. Longer-term monitoring of hydraulic heads behind the pit walls using such instruments thus appears to be a viable alternative at mine sites.Verpresste (einzementierte) Druckaufnehmer werden gewöhnlich in Tagebauen und Gruben eingesetzt, um die hydraulische Druckhöhe im Festgestein in der Nähe der Böschungen und Grubenbaue zu überwachen. Daraus werden Informationen zum Verlauf der Entwässerungs- und Druckminderungsmaßnahmen abgeleitet. Die Injektionsmittel haben zumeist eine geringere hydraulische Leitfähigkeit als die permeablen Strukturen, welche das Fließen von Grundwasser in Festgestein ermöglichen. Deshalb wird oft gefragt, ob die Eigenschaften der Injektionsmittel die Messungen der hydraulischen Druckhöhe beeinflussen, verglichen mit der Montage der Drucknehmer im Sandbett oder in konventionellen vertikalen Piezometerpegeln. In einer Serie numerischer Simulationen wurde die hypothetische Reaktion von verpressten Druckaufnehmern mit einem “idealen” Instrument ohne Injektionsmantel verglichen. Innerhalb der untersuchten Spannbreite der Parameter ergaben die Simulationen, daß die verpressten Druckaufnehmer im Vergleich zu sandgebetteten Geräten auf eine Druckveränderung mit einer Verzögerung von mehreren Stunden reagieren. Demgemäß ist bei der Einschätzung hydrogeologischer Eigenschaften Vorsicht geboten, wenn Tests gefahren werden, welche auf einem Netzwerk von verpressten Druckaufnehmern beruhen. Weiters ergaben die numerischer Simulationen, daß in der Folge eines Drucksignals die Messwerte von verpressten Druckaufnehmern und von sandgebetteten Geräten nach etwa einem Tag angeglichen waren. Monitoring hydraulischer Drucke mit verpressten Druckaufnehmern hinter Tagebauböschungen über längere Zeit ist demgemäß eine brauchbare Alternative.Los transductores de presión rellenos con cemento se emplean comúnmente en minas a cielo abierto y en minas subterráneas para monitorear la carga hidráulica en el lecho de rocas cerca del trabajo en la mina y para proveer información sobre el progreso de los esfuerzos de deshidratación y despresurización. Las mezclas de relleno tienen típicamente una menor conductividad hidráulica que las fallas permeables que actúan como conductos para flujo de agua subterránea en roca. Por lo tanto, una pregunta que surge habitualmente es cómo afectan las propiedades del relleno a las medidas piezométricas cuando se comparan con transductores de presión embebidos en arena o instalados en piezómetros convencionales. Una serie de simulaciones numéricas han sido realizadas para ilustrar la respuesta hipotética de un transductor de presión relleno y la respuesta de un instrumento ideal que no sea afectado por las propiedades del cemento. Para el rango de parámetros ensayados, estas simulaciones indicaron que los transductores rellenos con cemento resultaron en un “lag” de unas pocas horas en la respuesta al estrés hidráulico comparada con la respuesta de un transductor relleno con arena. Así, debe tenerse cuidado cuando se estiman las propiedades hidrogeológicas con ensayos basados en una red de transductores rellenos. Las simulaciones numéricas también sugirieron que aproximadamente 1 día después de la iniciación del estrés hidráulico, las lecturas recogidas por un transductor relleno fueron esencialmente las lecturas que se hubieran obtenido con un instrumento ideal. Monitoreos a mayores tiempos de las cargas hidráulicas detrás de las paredes del hoyo de la mina usando tales instrumentos parecen ser una alternativa viable en los sitios mineros.
Starting Page	289
Ending Page	292
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10259112
Journal	Mine Water and the Environment
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	16161068
Language	Spanish
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-02-16
Publisher Institution	International Mine Water Association (IMWA)
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Mine dewatering Depressurization Monitoring Piezometers FEFLOW Geology Hydrogeology Sedimentology Energy Economics Ecotoxicology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Water Science and Technology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

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