NDLI: Equilibrium and non-equilibrium concentration fluctuations in a critical binary mixture

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Giavazzi, Fabio Fornasieri, Alessandro Vailati, Alberto Cerbi, Roberto
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	When a macroscopic concentration gradient is present across a binary mixture, long-ranged non-equilibrium concentration fluctuations (NCF) appear as a consequence of the coupling between the gradient and spontaneous equilibrium velocity fluctuations. Long-ranged equilibrium concentration fluctuations (ECF) may be also observed when the mixture is close to a critical point. Here we study the interplay between NCF and critical ECF in a near-critical mixture aniline/cyclohexane in the presence of a vertical concentration gradient. To this aim, we exploit a commercial optical microscope and a simple, custom-made, temperature-controlled cell to obtain simultaneous static and dynamic scattering information on the fluctuations. We first characterise the critical ECF at fixed temperature T above the upper critical solution temperature Tc, in the wide temperature range $ T-T_{c}\in [0.1,30]$ °C. In this range, we observe the expected critical scaling behaviour for both the scattering intensity and the mass diffusion coefficient and we determine the critical exponents $ \gamma$ , $ \nu$ and $ \eta$ , which are found in agreement with the 3D Ising values. We then study the system in the two-phase region (T < T c). In particular, we characterise the interplay between ECF and NCF when the mixture, initially at a temperature Ti, is rapidly brought to a temperature T f > T i. During the transient, a vertical diffusive mass flux is present that causes the onset of NCF, whose amplitude vanishes with time, as the flux goes to zero. We also study the time dependence of the equilibrium scattering intensity I eq, of the crossover wave vector q co and of the diffusion coefficient D during diffusion and find that all these quantities exhibit an exponential relaxation enslaved to the diffusive kinetics.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	12928941
Journal	The European Physical Journal E
Volume Number	39
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	1292895X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-10-31
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Topical Issue: Non-isothermal transport in complex fluids Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Nanotechnology Polymer Sciences Complex Systems
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Medicine Biophysics Materials Science Surfaces and Interfaces Biotechnology

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