NDLI: The role of vole populations in prevalence of the parasite (Echinococcus multilocularis) in foxes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Saitoh, Takashi Takahashi, Kenichi
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	Effects of population fluctuation of the gray-sided vole(Clethrionomys rufocanus) on the prevalence (infection rates) of the parasiteEchinococcus multilocularis in red fox(Vulpes vulpes) populations was investigated from 1985 to 1992 in eastern Hokkaido (Abashiri, Nemuro, and Kushiro area), Japan. This parasite needs two hosts to complete its life cycle; the gray-sided vole as its intermediate host and the red fox as its final host. We found that: (1) Infection rates in foxes depended on the current-year abundance of voles in all three study areas, particularly in Abashiri. (2) In addition to this direct density-dependence, delayed density-dependence between the infection rate and the prior-year abundance of voles was detected in Nemuro and in Kushiro. (3) The regional differences in density-dependence pattern were related to regional differences in the winter food habits of red foxes: in Abashiri the proportion of voles in the fox’s diet greatly decreases in winter, while the proportion remains high in winter in Nemuro and in Kushiro, probably because of shallower snowpack. These results suggest that infection rates in foxes in Abashiri were less influenced by the prior-year prevalence, since the infection cycle might be interrupted in winter, when voles became less important in fox’s diet. In contrast, the state of the prevalence may carry over from year to year in Nemuro and in Kushiro, because red foxes continue to eat a considerable amount of voles throughout year. The regionally contrasted results for the relationship between infection rate in foxes and vole abundance were parallel to the regional difference in fluctuation pattern of vole populations, which are highly variable in Abashiri area, but less variable in Kushiro-Nemuro area. Drastic change in vole populations appears to affect the host-parasite system.
Starting Page	97
Ending Page	105
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00345466
Journal	Population Ecology
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14375613
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	Tokyo
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Clethrionomys rufocanus density-dependence functional response numerical response Vulpes vulpes Ecology Zoology Plant Sciences Evolutionary Biology Behavioural Sciences Forestry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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