NDLI: Woodland caribou calf mortality in Newfoundland: insights into the role of climate, predation and population density over three decades of study

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Woodland caribou calf mortality in Newfoundland: insights into the role of climate, predation and population density over three decades of study

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mahoney, Shane P. Lewis, Keith P. Weir, Jackie N. Morrison, Shawn F. Glenn Luther, J. Schaefer, James A. Pouliot, Darren Latifovic, Rasim
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The rates and causes of juvenile mortality are central features of the dynamics and conservation of large mammals, like woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin, 1788)), but intrinsic and extrinsic factors may be modified by variations in animal abundance. We tested the influences of population size, climate, calf weight and sex on survival to 6 months of age of 1241 radio-collared caribou calves over three decades, spanning periods of population growth (1979–1997) and decline (2003–2012) in Newfoundland, Canada. Daily survival rates were higher and rose more quickly with calf age during the population growth period compared to the decline. Population size (negatively) and calf weight (positively) affected survival during the decline but neither had a detectable influence during the growth phase. Sex, climate and plant productivity (the latter two derived from the North Atlantic Oscillation and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, respectively) exerted minimal influence during either phase. Predation was the dominant source of mortality. The mean percentage of calves killed by predators was 30 % higher during the decline compared to the growth phase. Black bears (Ursus americanus) and lynx (Lynx canadensis) were the major predators during the population increase but this changed during the decrease to black bears and coyotes (Canis latrans). Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Newfoundland caribou experienced phase-dependent survival mediated proximally by predation and competition for food.
Starting Page	91
Ending Page	103
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14383896
Journal	Population Ecology
Volume Number	58
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	1438390X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Japan
Publisher Date	2015-11-07
Publisher Place	Tokyo
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Density dependence Juvenile survival Rangifer tarandus Phase dependence Ecology Zoology Plant Sciences Evolutionary Biology Behavioral Sciences Forestry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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Data from: Divergent estimates of herd-wide caribou calf survival: ecological factors and methodological biases (Dataset)

The role of predation in the decline and extirpation of woodland caribou

Comment arising from a paper by Wittmer et al.: hypothesis testing for top-down and bottom-up effects in woodland caribou population dynamics

Snow depth does not affect recruitment in a low-density population of boreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)

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Data from: Phase-dependent climate-predator interactions explain three decades of variation in neonatal caribou survival (Dataset)

DNA metabarcoding sequence data for diet analysis of caribou (Dataset)

Data from: Intrinsic traits of woodland caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou calves depredated by black bears Ursus americanus and coyotes Canis latrans (Dataset)

Data from: Disentangling woodland caribou movements in response to clearcuts and roads across temporal scales (Dataset)

Woodland caribou calf mortality in Newfoundland: insights into the role of climate, predation and population density over three decades of study

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Woodland caribou calf mortality in Newfoundland: insights into the role of climate, predation and population density over three decades of study