NDLI: Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo

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Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo

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Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Yamashita, Michiaki Yamashita, Yumiko Suzuki, Tamami Kani, Yoko Mizusawa, Nanami Imamura, Shintaro Takemoto, Kenji Hara, Tatsuro Hossain, Md. Anwar Yabu, Takeshi Touhata, Ken
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The selenium (Se)-containing antioxidant selenoneine (2-selenyl-N α,N α,N α-trimethyl-l-histidine) has recently been discovered to be the predominant form of organic Se in tuna blood. Although dietary intake of fish Se has been suggested to reduce methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity, the molecular mechanism of MeHg detoxification by Se has not yet been determined. Here, we report evidence that selenoneine accelerates the excretion and demethylation of MeHg, mediated by a selenoneine-specific transporter, organic cations/carnitine transporter-1 (OCTN1). Selenoneine was incorporated into human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells transiently overexpressing OCTN1 and zebrafish blood cells by OCTN1. The K m for selenoneine uptake was 13.0 μM in OCTN1-overexpressing HEK293 cells and 9.5 μM in zebrafish blood cells, indicating high affinity of OCTN1 for selenoneine in human and zebrafish cells. When such OCTN1-expressing cells and embryos were exposed to MeHg–cysteine (MeHgCys), MeHg accumulation was decreased and the excretion and demethylation of MeHg were enhanced by selenoneine. In addition, exosomal secretion vesicles were detected in the culture water of embryos that had been microinjected with MeHgCys, suggesting that these may be responsible for MeHg excretion and demethylation. In contrast, OCTN1-deficient embryos accumulated MeHg, and MeHg excretion and demethylation were decreased. Furthermore, Hg accumulation was decreased in OCTN1-overexpressing HEK293 cells, but not in mock vector-transfected cells, indicating that selenoneine and OCTN1 can regulate MeHg detoxification in human cells. Thus, the selenoneine-mediated OCTN1 system regulates secretory lysosomal vesicle formation and MeHg demethylation.
Starting Page	559
Ending Page	570
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14362228
Journal	Marine Biotechnology
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14362236
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2013-05-25
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Methylmercury Mercury OCTN1 Selenium Demethylation Detoxification Freshwater & Marine Ecology Microbiology Zoology Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Aquatic Science Biotechnology

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Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo

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Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo

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Selenoneine, a Novel Selenium-Containing Compound, Mediates Detoxification Mechanisms against Methylmercury Accumulation and Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo