Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Dikshit, A. K. Chakraborty, Dhiman |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Abstract | The present study aims at evaluating the potential options for further reduction of persistent dark brown colour and COD from anaerobically digested distillery effluent from a distillery in West Bengal, India. Two alternatives viz. physico-chemical method and attached growth biological method were evaluated for their potential and cost effectiveness in removing the COD and colour from the effluent. Under the physico-chemical option, detailed coagulation study was carried out with a number of coagulants such as alum, potash alum, ferric chloride, ferrous sulphate and lime. Then, additional removal of COD as well as colour was tried by applying an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide or bleaching powder. Finally, adsorption study was performed with adsorbents viz. powdered activated alumina, wood charcoal and activated bone char. Under the biological treatment option, the efficacy of two fungi namely Aspergillus fumigatus and Coriolus versicolor was studied in batch mode under sterile condition for different dilutions. Finally, the performance of A. fumigatus was evaluated in continuous mode under ambient condition with the aid of fabricated lab scale bio-filters for different flow rates. All experimental results clearly showed that the removal of colour and COD were inter-related. Physico-chemical treatment was efficient in overall 96% COD removal and 93% colour removal with a treatment cost of Rs. 3.21 per litre (1$ = Rs. 46), if double coagulation-flocculation followed by peroxide treatment followed by adsorption onto acid-treated bone char was adopted. Only double-flocculation followed by adsorption was also an alternative yielding an overall 84% COD removal and 74% colour removal at a very nominal cost of Rs. 0.41 per litre. A maximum of 70% colour could be removed by 10% A. fumigatus inoculum in raw wastewater sample in batch mode under sterile conditions. However, under ambient winter conditions, the maximum colour removal of 48% and COD removal of 32% could be achieved in continuous flow bio-filters. Treatments of the distillery wastewater by proposed physico-chemical method as well as by bio-filters employing attached growth of A. fumigatus have emerged out to be a promising and cost-effective option for the concerned industry as compared to conventional dilution approach. |
| Starting Page | 273 |
| Ending Page | 285 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 1618954X |
| Journal | Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy |
| Volume Number | 8 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| e-ISSN | 16189558 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2006-08-24 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Distillery wastewater Effluent treatment Physico-chemical treatment Attached growth biological treatment Aspergillus fumigatus Environmental Economics Industrial Pollution Prevention Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Industrial and Production Engineering |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Economics and Econometrics Business, Management and Accounting Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|