NDLI: Studies on biodegradation of vegetable-based fat liquor-containing wastewater from tanneries

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kalyanaraman, Chitra Sri Bala Kameswari, K. Sudharsan Varma, V. Tagra, Sahil Raghava Rao, J.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Fat liquoring, a post-tanning operation is carried out on tanned leather using oils, fats, or greases in emulsion form to make soft leathers and to improve the physical characteristics of the finished products during leather manufacturing. Around 10–15 % of un-exhausted fat liquor is discharged in the process water as wastewater. The major components of vegetable fat liquor are triacylglycerols, which primarily consist of glycerol molecules esterified with long chain fatty acids. The presence of fats, grease, and oils not only causes choking of wastewater conveyance mains but also interferes with the oxygen-transfer efficiency in aerobic treatment process. The aim of the present study is to assess the rate of biodegradability of vegetable-based fat liquor-containing wastewater generated from tanneries for various food to microbial (f/m) ratio, i.e., 0.35, 0.25, and 0.15 g biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/g volatile suspended solids (VSSs) day. The f/m ratio and reaction time were investigated in detail in aerobic batch reactor to arrive at the optimum ratio needed for biodegradation of vegetable fat liquor. From the aerobic biodegradation studies, it was established that at an f/m ratio of 0.15 and a reaction time of 24 h, BOD5 and chemical oxygen demand removals were 97.24 and 89.58 %, respectively. It was evident from Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and electrospray ionization–mass spectroscopy analysis that the triglycerides present in vegetable fat liquor were degraded effectively.
Starting Page	633
Ending Page	642
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1618954X
Journal	Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	16189558
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2012-12-11
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biodegradation Food to microbial ratio Oil and grease Vegetable fat liquor Triacylglycerol Sustainable Development Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Industrial and Production Engineering Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Environmental Economics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Economics and Econometrics Business, Management and Accounting Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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