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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Lautz, Laura K. |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | In semi-arid climates, phreatophytes draw on shallow aquifers, and groundwater evapotranspiration (ET$_{G}$) is a principal component of groundwater budgets. Diurnal water table fluctuations, which often are a product of ET$_{G}$, were monitored in the riparian zone of Red Canyon Creek, Wyoming, USA. These fluctuations were higher in a riparian wetland (2–36 mm) than a grass-covered meadow (1–6 mm). The onset and cessation of water-table fluctuations correspond to daily temperatures relative to freezing. Spatial differences were due to vegetation type and specific yield, while temporal changes were due to vegetation dormancy. Ratios of ET$_{G}$ to potential evapotranspiration (PET), K $_{c,GW}$, were similar to ratios of actual evapotranspiration (ET) to PET, K $_{c}$, in semi-arid rangelands. Before vegetation senescence, K $_{c,GW}$ increased between precipitation events, suggesting phreatophytes pull more water from the saturated zone as soil moisture decreases. In contrast, K $_{c}$ decreases with soil moisture following precipitation events as ET becomes increasingly water-limited. Error in ET$_{G}$ is primarily from estimates of specific yield (S $_{y}$), which is difficult to quantify in heterogeneous sediments. ET$_{G}$ values may be more reliable because the range of acceptable S $_{y}$ is smaller than K $_{c}$ and S $_{y}$ does not change with vegetation type or soil moisture.Sous les climats semi-arides, les plantes qui puisent dans les aquifères phréatiques et l’évapotranspiration (ET$_{G}$) sont les composantes principales des bilans hydrogéologiques. Les fluctuations diurnes du niveau de la nappe, qui sont souvent le résultat de l’ ET$_{G}$, ont été suivies dans la zone riparienne du Canyon de Red Creek, au Wyoming, USA. Ces fluctuations étaient plus importantes dans une zone riparienne marécageuse (2 à 36 mm) que dans une prairie herbeuse (1 à 6 mm). Le début et la cessation des fluctuations de la nappe correspondent aux températures journalières par rapport au gel. Les différences spatiales étaient dues au type de végétation et à la porosité efficace, tandis que les changements dans le temps étaient dus à la dormance des plantes. Les taux de l’ET$_{G}$ par rapport à l’évapotranspiration potentielle (PET), K $_{c,GW}$, sont similaires aux taux de l’évapotranspiration réelle (ET) par rapport à la PET, K $_{c}$, dans les prairies semi-arides. Avant la sénescence végétale, K $_{c,GW}$ augmente entre les évènements pluvieux, ce qui laisse supposer que les plantes puisent plus d’eau dans la zone saturée lorsque l’humidité du sol diminue. Au contraire, K $_{c}$ décroît avec l’humidité du sol après les précipitations alors que l’ET devient de plus en plus limitée. L’erreur sur l’ ET$_{G}$ `est liée aux estimations de la porosité efficace ( S $_{y}$), qui est difficile à quantifier dans les sédiments hétérogènes. Les valeurs d’ET$_{G}$ pourraient être plus fiables car l’échelle des valeurs de S $_{y}$ acceptables est plus restreinte que pour K$_{c}$ et le S $_{y}$ ne varie pas avec le type de végétation ou l’humidité du sol.En climas semiaridos, los freatofitos consumen agua de los acuiferos someros, y la evapotranspiración (ET$_{G}$) es un componente principal en los balances hídricos. Las fluctuaciones diurnas del nivel de agua subterránea, que frecuentemente son un producto de ET$_{G}$, fueron monitoreadas en la zona rivereña de Red Canyon Creek, Wyoming, EU. Estas fluctuaciones fueron mayores en un humedal rivereño (2–36 mm) que en una pradera cubierta por pasto (1–6 mm). La aparición y finalización de las fluctuaciones de agua subterránea corresponden con temperaturas diarias relacionadas con congelamiento. Las diferencias espaciales se debieron al tipo de vegetación y rendimiento específico, mientras que los cambios temporales se debieron a vegetación latente. Los radios de ET$_{G}$ con evapotranspiración potencial (PET), K $_{c,GW}$, fueron similares a los radios de la evapotranspiración real (ET) con PET, K $_{c}$, en tierras de pastoreo semi-aridas. Antes que la vegetación envejeciera, la razón K$_{c,GW,}$ incrementó entre eventos de precipitación, sugiriendo que los freatofitos tomán más agua de la zona saturada en la medida que la humedad del suelo decrece. En contraste, K $_{c}$ decrece con la humedad del suelo que sigue a los eventos de precipitación, al mismo tiempo que ET se vuelve crecientemente limitado al agua. El error en ET$_{G}$ proviene principalmente de las estimaciones de rendimiento específico ( S $_{y}$), el cual es difícil de cuantificar en sedimentos heterogéneos. Los valores de ET$_{G}$ podrían ser más confiables debido a que el rango aceptable de S $_{y}$ es más pequeño que K $_{c}$ y S $_{y}$ no cambia con el tipo de vegetación o humedad del suelo. |
| Starting Page | 483 |
| Ending Page | 497 |
| Page Count | 15 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 16 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2007-11-13 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Diurnal water table Evapotranspiration Arid regions Phreatophytes USA Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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