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Challenges of governing groundwater in U.S. western states

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Schlager, Edella
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Over the last several decades, water users in the western United States have increasingly turned to groundwater resources to support economic development, but few institutional arrangements were in place to govern groundwater use. Over time, numerous groundwater problems have emerged. Two closely related explanations for this are explored. Surface water sources were the first to be developed, and institutional arrangements to allocate surface water were the first to be devised. These arrangements are not particularly well suited for governing groundwater. Furthermore, the physical differences between rivers and aquifers lead to differences in the development of each type of water, and in production and organization costs. Groundwater development involves low upfront production costs, which individual water users can cover. Once groundwater users have individually invested in productive activities problems emerge, such as declining water tables. Thus, unlike surface water users, groundwater users are faced with devising institutional arrangements to coordinate their water uses after they have invested in and developed productive economic activities. Most western states regulate pumping, although groundwater users, in general, resist pumping limits. The discussion concludes with proposals for modifying the prior appropriation doctrine to better accommodate the active management of groundwater basins for long-term sustainability.Sur les dernières decades, les utilisateurs d'eau dans l'Ouest des Etats-Unis se sont tournés en nombre croissant vers les ressources en eau souterraine, pour supporter le développement économique, mais plusieurs arrangements institutionnels ont été mis en place pour gouverner l'usage de l'eau souterraine. Au fil du temps, plusieurs problèmes relatifs aux eaux souterraines sont apparus. Deux proches explications proches pour ceux-ci ont été explorées. Les ressources d'eau de surface ont été les premières à être développées, et les arrangements institutionnels pour l'allocation des eaux de surface ont été les premiers à être divisés. Ces arrangements ne conviennent pas particulièrement bien aux autorités des eaux souterraines. De plus, les différences physiques entre les rivières et les aquifères ont mené à des différences dans le développement de chaque type d'eau, et dans la production et l'organisation des coûts. Le développement de l'eau souterraine nécessite des lois sur les cots de production que chaque utilisateur de l'eau peut couvrir. Dés lors que les utilisateurs de l'eau souterraine ont individuellement investi dans des activités productrice, des problèmes émergent, tels que la baisse des niveaux d'eau. Ainsi, comme pour les utilisateurs d'eau de surface, les utilisateurs d'eau souterraine sont confrontés à la conception des arrangements constitutionnels pour coordonner l'utilisation qu'ils font de l'eau, après avoir inventés et développés leurs activité économique productive. La plus part des états de l'Ouest régulent le pompage, bien qu'en général l'utilisation des eaux souterraines, en général, résiste aux limites de pompage. La discussion conclut sur des propositions permettant de modifier la doctrine d'appropriation, pour ainsi mieux accommoder la gestion active des bassins d'eau souterraine à une durabilité sur le long terme.En las últimas décadas los usuarios de agua del occidente de Estados Unidos se han vuelto ascendentemente hacia los recursos de agua subterránea para apoyar el desarrollo económico, aunque pocos convenios institucionales estaban disponibles para regular el uso del agua subterránea. Con el tiempo han emergido numerosos problemas de agua subterránea. Se exploran dos explicaciones estrechamente relacionadas para estos problemas. Las fuentes de agua superficial fueron las primeras en ser desarrolladas y los convenios institucionales para distribuir el agua superficial fueron los primeros en ser concebidos. Estos convenios no están bien adaptados para la gobernabilidad del agua subterránea. Además, las diferencias físicas entre ríos y acuíferos lleva a diferencias en el desarrollo de cada tipo de agua, y en la producción y costos de organización. El desarrollo del agua subterránea involucra costos iniciales de producción bajos que los usuarios individuales de agua pueden cubrir. Media vez los usuarios de agua subterránea han invertido individualmente en actividades productivas emergen problemas tal como niveles de agua descendentes. De este modo, a diferencia de usuarios de agua superficial, los usuarios de agua subterránea se enfrentan con el reto de diseñar convenios institucionales para coordinar sus usos del agua después de que han invertido y desarrollado actividades económicas productivas. La mayoría de estados del occidente regulan el bombeo aunque los usuarios de agua subterránea, en general, se resisten a los límites de bombeo. La discusión concluye con propuestas para modificar la doctrina de apropiación anterior para una mejor adaptación de la gestión activa de las cuencas de agua subterránea para sostenibilidad a largo plazo.
Starting Page	350
Ending Page	360
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-02-21
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Legislation Groundwater development Groundwater/surface-water relations Western United States
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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