NDLI: Geologically controlled bi-directional exchange of groundwater with a hypersaline lake in the Canadian prairies

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bentley, Laurence R. Hayashi, Masaki Zimmerman, Elena P. Holmden, Chris Kelley, Lynn I.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Hypersaline lakes occur in hydrologically closed basins due to evaporitic enrichment of dissolved salts transported to the lakes by surface water and groundwater. At the hypersaline Lydden Lake in Saskatchewan, Canada, groundwater/lake-water interaction is strongly influenced by the geological heterogeneity of glacial deposits, whereby a highly permeable glaciofluvial sand/gravel deposit is underlain by glaciolacustrine deposits consisting of dense clay interspersed with silt/sand lenses. Pressure head distribution in a near shore area indicates a bi-directional flow system. It consists of topographically driven flow of fresh groundwater towards the lake in the sand/gravel aquifer and density-driven, landward flow of saline groundwater in the underlying glaciolacustrine deposits. Electrical resistivity tomography, and chemical and isotopic composition of groundwater clearly show the landward intrusion of saline water in the heterogeneous unit. The feasibility of bi-directional flow and transport is supported by numerical simulations of density-coupled groundwater flow and transport. The results suggest that the geologically controlled groundwater exchange processes have substantial influences on both inputs and outputs of dissolved minerals in hypersaline lakes in closed basins.Les lacs hypersalins se produisent dans des bassins hydrologiques fermés à cause de l’enrichissement par évaporation des sels dissous transportés dans les lacs par les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines. Concernant le lac hypersalin de Lydden dans le Saskatchewan, Canada, l’interaction entre les eaux souterraines et les eaux de surface est fortement influencée par l’hétérogénéité géologique des dépôts glaciaires, caractérisée par un dépôt fluvioglaciaire hautement perméable de sables/graviers qui repose sur des dépôts glacio-lacustres constitués d’argiles denses entrecoupées par des limons et des lentilles sableuses. La distribution de la charge hydraulique dans une zone proche du rivage indique un système d’écoulement bi-directionnel. Il se compose de flux d’eaux souterraines douces influencés par la topographie vers le lac au sein de l’aquifère de sables/graviers et d’un contre flux d’eaux souterraines salées, influencé par la densité, au sein des dépôts glacio-lacustres sous-jacents. La tomographie de résistivité électrique et la composition chimique et isotopique de l’eau souterraine montrent clairement l’intrusion vers la terre de l’eau salée dans l’unité hétérogène. La vraisemblance d’un écoulement bi-directionnel et d’un transport est corroborée par des simulations numériques du flux d’eau souterraine, couplé à la densité et du transport. Les résultats suggèrent que les processus d’échange d’eaux souterraines contrôlés par la géologie ont des influences importantes aussi bien sur les apports que sur les exports des minéraux dissous dans les lacs hypersalins des bassins fermés.Los lagos hipersalinos se generan en cuencas hidrológicamente cerradas debido a un enriquecimiento evaporítico de sales disueltas transportadas hacia los lagos por el agua superficial y subterránea. En el lago hipersalino Lydden en Saskatchewan, Canadá, la interacción del agua subterránea/agua del lago está fuertemente influenciada por la heterogeneidad geológica de los depósitos glaciales, debido a que un depósito de arena/grava glaciofluvial altamente permeable subyace a depósitos glaciolacustres compuestos por una arcilla densa intercalada con lentes de limos/arenas. La distribución de la carga de presión en una zona cercana a la costa indica un sistema de flujo bidireccional. Consta de un flujo de agua dulce subterránea impulsado topográficamente hacia el lago en el acuífero de arena/grava y un flujo de agua subterránea salina hacia la tierra impulsado por la densidad, en los depósitos glaciolacustres subyacentes. La tomografía eléctrica de resistividad, la química y la composición isotópica de las aguas subterráneas muestran claramente la intrusión hacia tierra de agua salina en la unidad heterogénea. La viabilidad de flujo y transporte bi-direccional está soportada por simulaciones numéricas de flujo y por el acoplamiento del transporte de densidad del agua subterránea. Los resultados sugieren que los procesos de intercambio geológicamente controlados de aguas subterráneas tienen influencias importantes en la entrada y salida de minerales disueltos en lagos hipersalinos en cuencas cerradas.由于输送到湖中的地表水和地下水中的溶解盐份的蒸发富集,超盐度的湖泊就会出现在水文上封闭的盆地中。在加拿大萨斯喀彻温省的Lydden超盐度湖,地下水/湖泊水相互作用受到冰川沉积地质上非均质性的强烈影响,而高度透水性的冰川水形成的砂/砾石沉积下伏着由含有粉砂/砂透镜体的致密粘土组成的冰湖沉积。近岸附近的压力水头分布表明,有双向的水流系统。包括砂/砾石含水层中地下淡水流地形上受驱动流向湖泊,以及下伏冰湖沉积中地下咸水流受密度驱使流向陆地。电阻系数断层摄影及地下水化学和同位素组分清楚地显示出异质单元中的咸水向陆地入侵。双向水流和传输的可行性得到了密度耦合的地下水流和传输的数值模拟支持。结果显示,受地质控制的地下水交换过程对封闭盆地超盐度湖泊中的溶解矿物的输入和输出有重要影响。Lagos hipersalinos ocorrem em bacias hidrologicamente fechadas devido ao enriquecimento evaporítico dos sais dissolvidos transportados até o lago por águas superficiais e águas subterrâneas. No hipersalino Lago Lydden, em Saskatchewan, Canadá, a interação lago/aquífero é fortemente influenciada pela heterogeneidade geológica dos depósitos glaciais, na qual um depósito glaciofluvial de areia/cascalho altamente permeável é sustentado por depósitos glaciolacustres constituídos de argilas densas intercaladas com lentes de silte/areia. Distribuições de carga hidráulica em uma área próxima à costa indicam um sistema de fluxo bidirecional. Isso consiste em um fluxo de águas subterrâneas doces topograficamente orientado sob o lago no aquífero areia/cascalho, e um fluxo de águas subterrâneas salinas em direção a terra, orientado por densidade, nos depósitos glaciolacustres subjacentes. Tomografia de resistividade elétrica e a composição química e isotópica das águas subterrâneas claramente mostram uma intrusão de água salina em direção a terra na unidade heterogênea. A exequibilidade do fluxo bidirecional e transporte é respaldada por simulações numéricas de fluxo e transporte das águas subterrâneas com densidade acoplada. Os resultados sugerem que o processo de troca geologicamente controlado de águas subterrâneas tem uma influência substancial em ambas entradas e saídas de minerais dissolvidos em lagos hipersalinos em bacias fechadas.
Starting Page	877
Ending Page	892
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-02-03
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Geophysical methods Groundwater/surface-water relations Salt-water/fresh-water relations Closed lake Canada Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Water Quality/Water Pollution Geophysics/Geodesy Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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