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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Andreasen, David C. Fleck, William B. |
| Copyright Year | 1997 |
| Abstract | Brackish water from Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries has entered the Aquia aquifer in east-central Anne Arundel County, Maryland, USA. This determination was made based on chloride analyses of water samples collected in wells screened in the Aquia aquifer between October 1988 and May 1989. The Aquia aquifer, which is composed of fine- to medium-grained sand, is a shallow, unconfined aquifer in this area. Land use is primarily urban, consisting of a mixture of residential and light commercial areas. Associated with the urban setting is the potential for chloride contamination to enter the Aquia aquifer from anthropogenic sources, such as residential septic-tank effluent, leaky public sewer lines, road-deicing salt, stormwater infiltration basins, and domestic water-conditioning recharge effluent.In order to map the distribution of bay-water intrusion in the Aquia aquifer, chloride derived from Chesapeake Bay was differentiated from chloride derived from anthropogenic sources by comparing the ratio of dissolved bromide to dissolved chloride (bromide:chloride) in groundwater to the distinctive ratio in Chesapeake Bay water. Two additional factors considered in determining the source of the chloride were nitrogen concentrations and well-screen positions of sampled wells in relation to the estimated depth of the fresh-water/brackish-water interface.Of 36 Aquia-aquifer water samples with chloride condentrations greater than 30 mg/L, 22 had bromide:chloride ratios similar to the ratio in Chesapeake Bay water, an indication that bay water is the primary source of the chloride. Of the other 14 samples with bromide:chloride ratios dissimilar to the ratio in Chesapeake Bay water, seven were from wells where screen positions were substantially above the estimated fresh-water/brackish-water interface. Three of these samples had nitrogen concentrations (as nitrite plus nitrate) greater than 3.0 mg/L, an indication that chloride in these groundwater samples comes from anthropogenic sources, at least in part. Les eaux saumâtres de la baie Chesapeake et de ses affluents ont pénétré dans l'aquifère d'Aquia, dans la partie centre – est du comté d'Anne Arundel (Maryland, Etaats-Unis). Ce fait a été révélé par des analyses d'échantillons d'eau prélevés dans des puits crépinés dans l'aquifère d'Aquia, entre octobre 1988 et mai 1989. L'aquifère d'Aquia, constitué de sable fin à moyen, est dans cette région peu profond et libre. Cette région est essentiellement occurée par un tissu urbain constitué de zones résidentielles et commerciales. Une contamination de l'aquifère d'Aquia par les chlorures est possible à partir des zones résidentielles, du fait de sources anthropiques, comme les effluents des fosses septiques, les fuites des collecteurs d'eaux usées, le salage hivernal des routes, les bassins d'infiltration d'eaux pluviales et les eaux usées domestiques.Afin d'établir une carte de la répartition de l'intrusion de l'eau de la baie dans l'aquifère d'Aquia, les chlorures provenant de la baie de Chesapeake ont été distingués de ceux fournis par les sources anthropiques par une comparaison du rapport brome/chlore dissous de l'eau souterraine à celui constant de l'eau de la baie. Deux facteurs supplémentaires ont été pris en compte pour définir l'origine des chlorures: les concentrations en azote et la position des crépines des puits échantillonnés en relation avec la profondeur estimée de l'interface eau douce – eau salée.Sur les 36 échantillons d'eau de lá aquifère d'Aquia dont les teneurs en chlorures sont supérieures à 30 mg/l, 22 présentent un rapport brome/chlore identique à celui de l'eau de la baie, ce qui signifie que l'eau de la baie est la source principale de chlorure. Sur les 14 autres échantillons dont le rapport brome/chlore est dirrérent de celui de l'eau de la baie, 7 proviennent de puit dont la crépine est nettement au-dessus de l'interface eau douce – eau salée. Trois de ces échantillons présentent des teneurs en azote (nitrates et nitrites) supérieures à 3 mg/l, ce qui indique que les chlorures de ces échantillons d'eau souterraine proviennent au moins en partie de sources anthropiques. Agua salobre de la Bahía de Chesapeake y sus tributarios ha penetrado en el acuífero de Aquia, en la parte centro-oriental del Condado de Anne Arunden, Mayland, Estados Unidos. Este dato se basa en el análisis de cloro de muestras de agua recongidas en pozos ranurados en el acuífero de Aquia entre octubre de 1988 y mayo de 1989. El acuífero de Aquia, que está compuesto por arenas de grano fino a medio, es un acuífero superficial y no confínado. El uso del suelo es fundamentalmente urbano, consistente en una mezcla de zona residencial y áreas comerciales. Asociado al asentamiento urbano existe el riesgo potencial de contaminación del acuífero por causas antropogénicas, como efluentes de fosas sépticas, filtraciones de la red de saneamiento pública, sales utilizadas para el deshielo de carreteras, cuencas de infiltración de aguas de tormenta y efluentes de acondicionadores de agua domésticos.Para poder dibujar la distribución de la intrusión de agua de la bahía en el acuífero, se diferenció el cloruro procedente de la Bahía de Chesapeake del procedente de causas antropogénicas, mediante la comparación de la relación entre cloruro y bromuro disueltos en el agua subterránea y su relación con el valedor constante en el agua de la bahía. Otros dos factores adicionales que se consideraron para la determinación de la procedencia de los cloruros fueron la concentración de nitrógeno y la profundidad de las muestras en relación con la profundidad estimada de la interfaz agua dulce-agua salobre.De las 36 muestras del Acuífero de Aquia con concentraciones de cloruro superiores a 30 mg/L, 22 tenían una relación bromuro/cloruro similar a la del agua de la Bahía de Chesapeake, indicación que el agua de la bahía es la fuente principal de cloruros. De las otras 14 muestras, con relaciones bromuro/cloruro distintas a la del agua de la Bahía de Chesapeake, siete correspondían a pozos donde la posición de las ranuras estaba sustancialmente por encima de la interfaz agua dulce-agua salobre. Tres de estas muestras tenían concentraciones de nitrógeno (nitrito más nitrato) superiores a 3.0 mg/L, indicación que el cloruro en estas muestras procede de fuentes antropogénicas, al menos en parte. |
| Starting Page | 17 |
| Ending Page | 26 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 5 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2012-11-20 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Hydrogeology Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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