NDLI: Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rudolph, D. L. Sultan, R. Garfias, J. McLaren, R. G.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Mexico City relies significantly on groundwater resources drawn from the Sistema Lerma well field located in the Toluca Basin, Mexico. Enhanced infiltration caused by groundwater extraction is suspected to be both a prime factor in the disappearance of a lagoon system at the Toluca Basin and a potential risk to long-term groundwater quality. A combined approach of field investigation and numerical modeling was adopted to assess the groundwater-surface water interactions within the lagoon system. Potentiometric data indicate that current downward vertical hydraulic gradients below the lagoon and surrounding wetland area are extremely low suggesting very slow infiltration rates. Geochemical and isotope data from surface water and groundwater sampling also indicate that very little surface water infiltration has occurred. Numerical simulations demonstrate that enhanced surface water infiltration is unlikely to be the primary cause in the significant reduction in size of the lagoon system. Other factors such as modifications to the surface water drainage system and capture of spring flow from the surrounding mountainous regions are likely more significant. Simulations also suggest that contaminants originating in the lagoon system are currently entering nearby production wells although the total contaminant mass flux to the wells is still very low and significantly diluted.La Cité de Mexico dépend significativement des ressources en eau souterraine pompées au site de captages de Sistema Lerma, dans le Bassin de Toluca, à l’Ouest du Bassin de Mexico. L’augmentation de l’infiltration, causée par l’extraction extensive des eaux souterraines, est suspectée d’être à la fois un facteur primaire de la disparition d’un système de lagons en amont de la rivière Lerma au centre de Mexico, et un risque potentiel à long-terme pour la qualité de l’eau souterraine dans la région. Uen approche combinée d’études de terrain et de modélisation numérique a été adoptée pour estimer les interactions entre les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines, au sein du système de lagons. Les données potentiométriques indiquent que les gradients hydrauliques verticaux descendants sont très bas au niveau des lagons, ce qui suppose un taux d’infiltration faible. Les données géochimiques et isotopiques provenant des eaux de surface et souterraines, indiquent également que peu d’eau de surface s’infiltrent. La simulation numérique démontre quantitativement que l’augmentation de l’infiltration des eaux de surface n’est probablement pas la première cause de réduction des lagons. D’autres facteurs, tels que les modifications du drainage des eaux de surface, l’aménagement en captage des sources situées aux pieds des montagnes environnantes, sont probablement plus importants. Les simulations suggèrent également que les contaminants provenant des lagons se retrouvent également dans les captages les plus proches, bien que le flux total de contaminants entrant dans les captages reste faible. Les volumes d’extraction étant très important ils diluent effectivement les contaminants. Les effets à long-terme de l’extraction critique au niveau des forages de Sistema Lerma et de la dégradation de la qualité des eaux souterraines par les contaminants, nécessite une grande attention pour le futur.La Ciudad de México depende significativamente de los recursos de aguas subterráneas obtenidos del campo de pozos Sistema Lerma ubicado en la Cuenca Toluca, oeste de la Cuenca de México. Se sospecha que la infiltración estimulada causada por extracción intensiva de aguas subterráneas es un factor principal en la desaparición de un sistema de lagunas en la cabeceras del Río Lerma en el centro de México y un riesgo potencial para la calidad de aguas subterráneas a largo plazo en la región. Se adoptó un enfoque combinado de investigación de campo y modelizado numérico para evaluar las interacciones de agua superficial-agua subterránea dentro del sistema de lagunas. Datos potenciométricos indican que los gradientes hidráulicos verticales descendentes actuales, ubicados por debajo de la laguna y vecina área de humedales, son extremadamente bajos sugiriendo ritmos de infiltración muy lentos. Datos geoquímicos e isotópicos provenientes del muestreo de agua superficial y subterránea también indican que ha ocurrido muy poca infiltración de agua superficial. Las simulaciones numéricas demuestran cuantitativamente que no es probable que la infiltración estimulada de agua superficial sea la causa principal en la reducción significativa del tamaño del sistema de lagunas en la cabecera. Otros factores tal como modificaciones al sistema superficial de drenaje de agua y captura de flujo de manantial en las regiones montañosas vecinas son probablemente más significativos. Las simulaciones también sugieren que los contaminantes que se originan en el sistema de lagunas están actualmente ingresando a pozos de producción cercanos aunque el flujo de masa contaminante total a los pozos es aún muy bajo y diluido significativamente en los volúmenes grandes de extracción. La magnitud de la amenaza a largo plazo a la calidad del agua subterránea en los pozos de producción Sistema Lerma proveniente de contaminantes infiltrados es una preocupación y amerita estudios futuros.
Starting Page	115
Ending Page	130
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-06-23
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Headwaters Lagoon Wetlands Enhanced infiltration Groundwater supply Contamination Toluca Basin Mexico City
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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Reply to Comment on “Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico”

Comment on the report “Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico” by D.L. Rudolph, R. Sultan, J. Garfias, R.G. McLaren. Hydrogeology Journal (2006) 14(1–2):115–130

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Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico

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Reply to Comment on “Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico”

Comment on the report “Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico” by D.L. Rudolph, R. Sultan, J. Garfias, R.G. McLaren. Hydrogeology Journal (2006) 14(1–2):115–130

Chemical response to groundwater extraction southeast of Mexico City

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Significance of enhanced infiltration due to groundwater extraction on the disappearance of a headwater lagoon system: Toluca Basin, Mexico