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Numerical investigation of seawater intrusion at Gooburrum, Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhang, Q. Volker, R. E. Lockington, D. A.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Seawater intrusion in coastal agricultural areas due to groundwater abstraction is a major environmental problem along the northeastern coast of Australia. Management options are being explored using numerical modelling, however, questions remain concerning the appropriate level of sophistication in models, choice of seaward boundary conditions, and how to accommodate heterogeneity and data uncertainty. The choice of seaward boundary condition is important since it affects the amount of salt transported into the aquifers and forms the focus of the present study. The impact of this boundary condition is illustrated for the seawater-intrusion problem in the Gooburrum aquifers, which occur within Tertiary sedimentary strata. A two-dimensional variable-density groundwater and solute-transport model was constructed using the computer code 2DFEMFAT (Cheng et al. 1998). The code was tested against an experiment for a steady-state freshwater-saltwater interface and against the Elder (Elder 1967) free-convection problem. Numerical simulations show that the imposition of the commonly-used equivalent hydrostatic freshwater heads, combined with a constant salt concentration at the seaward boundary, results in overestimated seawater intrusion in the lower Gooburrum aquifer. Since the imposition of this boundary condition allows water flow across the boundary, which subsequently takes salt into the aquifer, a careful check is essential to estimate whether too much mass of salt is introduced.Investigations numériques de l’intrusion d’eau de mer à Gooburrum, Bundaberg, Queensland. L’intrusion d’eau salée due au captage d’eau souterraine dans les régions agricoles situées le long de la côte Nord-Est de l’Australie est un grave problème environnemental. Des solutions à ce problème sont présentement étudiées à l’aide de la modélisation numérique. Cependant des questions subsistent concernant le niveau de sophistication du modèle, le choix des limites le long de l’intrusion salée et la manière d’accommoder l’hétérogénéité et l’incertitude des données. Le choix de la limite le long de l’intrusion d’eau salée est important puisque cette limite détermine la quantité de sel transporté dans l’aquifère et constitue le sujet de la présente étude. L’effet du choix de cette limite est bien illustré par le problème d’intrusion d’eau salée dans les aquifères de Gooburrum, Queensland, Australie. Un modèle bidimensionnel d’écoulement à densité variable et de transport de solutés a été conçu en utilisant le code 2DFEMFAT. Ce code a été testé avec une expérimentation ayant pour objet l’écoulement en régime permanent d’une interface eau salée/eau douce. Il a aussi été mis à l’épreuve par le problème de convection libre de Elder. Les simulations numériques révèlent que l’imposition de la limite communément utilisée, qu’on appelle la «charge hydrostatique équivalente d’eau douce», conduit, dans le cas oů l’on a une concentration constante en sels le long de l’intrusion d’eau salée, à une surestimation de l’intrusion d’eau salée dans l’aquifère inférieur de Gooburrum. Puisque que c’est l’imposition de cette limite qui permet l’écoulement de l’eau au-delà de la frontière de l’aquifère, ce qui introduit subséquemment du sel dans l’aquifère, une vérification minutieuse doit ętre effectuée afin de contrôler la quantité de sel introduit.La intrusión de agua salada en áreas agrícolas costeras a causa de la abstracción de aguas subterráneas es un problema medioambiental mayor a lo largo de la costa noreste de Australia. Se están explorando opciones de manejo mediante el uso de modelos numéricos, sin embargo, quedan pendientes cuestionamientos con respecto al nivel apropiado de sofisticación de los modelos, la elección de condiciones de límites hacia el mar y cómo acomodar la heterogeneidad y la incertidumbre de los datos. La elección de límites hacia el mar es importante ya que afecta la cantidad de sal transportada a los acuíferos y forma el centro de interés del presente estudio. Se ilustra el impacto de esta condición de límites para el problema de la intrusión de agua de mar en los acuíferos de Gooburrum, Queensland, Australia. Se construyó un modelo de transporte de solutos y de densidad variable de aguas subterráneas de dos dimensiones mediante el uso del código de computación 2DFEMFAT. El código se probó contra un experimento para una interfase de agua salada-agua dulce de estado constante y contra el problema de Elder de convexión libre. Las simulaciónes numéricas muestran que las cimas de agua dulce hidrostáticas equivalentes utlizadas comúnmente combinadas con una concentración de sal constante en el límite hacia el mar resultan en una sobreestimación de la intrusión de agua de mar en el acuífero bajo de Gooburrum. Puesto que la imposición de esta condición de límites permite flujo de agua a través de los límites, el cual subsecuentemente transporta sal al acuífero, una verificación cuidadosa es esencial para estimar si se introduce demasiada masa de sal.
Starting Page	674
Ending Page	687
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-07-29
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Seawater intrusion Boundary condition Steady-state solution Numerical modelling Coastal aquifers
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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