NDLI: Steady-state granular flow in a 3D cylindrical hopper with flat bottom: macroscopic analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhu, H. P. Yu, A. B.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	The information of a hopper flow at a particle scale, obtained from discrete particle simulation, is used to investigate the macroscopic dynamic behaviour of granular flow in a cylindrical hopper with flat bottom by means of an averaging technique. The macroscopic properties including velocity, mass density, stress and couple stress are quantified under the cylindrical coordinate framework, and an effort is made to link these variables to the microscopic variables considered. The velocity and density distributions are first illustrated to match qualitatively the experimental and numerical results, confirming the validity of the proposed averaging method. Four components of stress, Tzz, Trr, Trz and Tzr, and two dominant components of couple stress, Mr θ and Mz θ, are then investigated in detail. It is shown that large vertical normal stress is mainly observed in the region close to the bottom corner, large radial normal stress is observed within the particle bed as well as the bottom corner, and large shear stresses in the region adjacent to the vertical wall. The four stresses are relatively small in a region close to the orifice. Their magnitudes are mainly contributed by the interaction forces between particles and between particles and walls. However, the transport of particles also plays a significant role at the orifice, especially, in the vertical normal stress. The couple stress can be ignored except for the regions close to the vertical and bottom walls, where the most dominant components are Mr θ adjacent to the vertical wall and Mz θ close to the bottom wall. The magnitudes of these macroscopic variables depend on the geometric and physical parameters of the hopper and particles such as the orifice size and wall roughness of the hopper, and the friction and damping coefficients between particles although their spatial distributions are similar.
Starting Page	97
Ending Page	107
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14345021
Journal	Granular Matter
Volume Number	7
Issue Number	2-3
e-ISSN	14347636
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-03-29
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Granular dynamics Hopper flow Discrete particle simulation Continuum mechanics Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Fluids Condensed Matter Physics and Applied Physics in Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Mechanics of Materials Materials Science

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