NDLI: A new approach for recognizing handwritten mathematics using relational grammars and fuzzy sets

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	MacLean, Scott Labahn, George
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	We present a new approach for parsing two-dimensional input using relational grammars and fuzzy sets. A fast, incremental parsing algorithm is developed, motivated by the two-dimensional structure of written mathematics. The approach reports all identifiable parses of the input. The parses are represented as a fuzzy set, in which the membership grade of a parse measures the similarity between it and the handwritten input. To identify and report parses efficiently, we adapt and apply existing techniques such as rectangular partitions and shared parse forests, and introduce new ideas such as relational classes and interchangeability. We also present a correction mechanism that allows users to navigate parse results and choose the correct interpretation in case of recognition errors or ambiguity. Such corrections are incorporated into subsequent incremental recognition results. Finally, we include two empirical evaluations of our recognizer. One uses a novel user-oriented correction count metric, while the other replicates the CROHME 2011 math recognition contest. Both evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Starting Page	139
Ending Page	163
Page Count	25
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14332833
Journal	International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14332825
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-03-20
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Image Processing and Computer Vision Pattern Recognition
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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