NDLI: “Hotspots” and “Hot Moments” of Denitrification in Urban Brownfield Wetlands

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Palta, Monica M. Ehrenfeld, Joan G. Groffman, Peter M.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The influence of hydrology and soil properties on disproportionately high (“hot”) rates of nitrate (NO3 −) removal via denitrification has been relatively well established. It is poorly understood, however, how the unique soil characteristics of brownfield wetlands contribute to or hinder denitrification. In this study, we examined drivers of “hot” denitrification rates over time (“hot moments”) and space (“hotspots”) in a watershed located on an unrestored brownfield in New Jersey, USA. We carried out measurements of denitrification over 9-day sequences during three seasons in sites with the same vegetation (Phragmites australis) but different soils (fill material, remnant marsh soils, flooded organic-rich soils). Denitrification rates above the 3rd quartile value of the data distribution were defined as “hot” and the most important drivers of these rates were determined using mixed models. Porosity and NO3 − availability were the strongest spatial and temporal predictors, respectively, of high denitrification rates, with coarse-textured, unflooded fill materials unexpectedly supporting the highest rates. These results suggest that pore-scale hydrology is a more complex controller of wetland denitrification than previously thought. Course-textured, unflooded soils have high fractions of air-filled pores relative to flooded soils, leading to more endogenous NO3 − production, and less diffusion constraints than fine-textured soils, leading to higher NO3 − availability to denitrifiers in suboxic pores. Laboratory studies confirmed denitrifiers were limited by NO3 − availability. However, denitrification rates in all soils matched or exceeded atmospheric NO3 − deposition and stormwater NO3 − loading at the site, suggesting that brownfields may play an important role in NO3 − removal from urban stormwater.
Starting Page	1121
Ending Page	1137
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14329840
Journal	Ecosystems
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	14350629
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-08-19
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	nitrate removal spatial heterogeneity denitrification limitations soil structure water-filled pore space urban wetlands hot spots and moments water retention Ecology Plant Sciences Zoology Environmental Management Geoecology/Natural Processes Hydrology/Water Resources
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Environmental Chemistry Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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