NDLI: Degradation properties of various macromolecules of cultivable psychrophilic bacteria from the deep-sea water of the South Pacific Gyre

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Degradation properties of various macromolecules of cultivable psychrophilic bacteria from the deep-sea water of the South Pacific Gyre

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhang, Li Wang, Yan Liang, Jing Song, Qinghao Zhang, Xiao Hua
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The deep-sea water of the South Pacific Gyre (SPG, 20°S–45°S) is a cold and ultra-oligotrophic environment that is the source of cold-adapted enzymes. However, the characteristic features of psychrophilic enzymes derived from culturable microbes in the SPG remained largely unknown. In this study, the degradation properties of 174 cultures from the deep water of the SPG were used to determine the diversity of cold-adapted enzymes. Thus, the abilities to degrade polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and DNA at 4, 16, and 28 °C were investigated. Most of the isolates showed one or more extracellular enzyme activities, including amylase, chitinase, cellulase, lipase, lecithinase, caseinase, gelatinase, and DNase at 4, 16, and 28 °C. Moreover, nearly 85.6 % of the isolates produced cold-adapted enzymes at 4 °C. The psychrophilic enzyme-producing isolates distributed primarily in Alteromonas and Pseudoalteromonas genera of the Gammaproteobacteria. Pseudoalteromonas degraded 9 types of macromolecules but not cellulose, Alteromonas secreted 8 enzymes except for cellulase and chitinase. Interestingly, the enzymatic activities of Gammaproteobacteria isolates at 4 °C were higher than those observed at 16 or 28 °C. In addition, we cloned and expressed a gene encoding an α-amylase (Amy2235) from Luteimonas abyssi XH031T, and examined the properties of the recombinant protein. These cold-active enzymes may have huge potential for academic research and industrial applications. In addition, the capacity of the isolates to degrade various types of organic matter may indicate their unique ecological roles in the elemental biogeochemical cycling of the deep biosphere.
Starting Page	663
Ending Page	671
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14310651
Journal	Extremophiles
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14334909
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Japan
Publisher Date	2016-06-24
Publisher Place	Tokyo
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cold-adapted enzymes Deep-sea water Screening South Pacific Gyre (SPG) α-Amylase Microbiology Biotechnology Biochemistry Microbial Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Molecular Medicine Microbiology

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