NDLI: A framework for physiological indicators of flow in VR games: construction and preliminary evaluation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bian, Yulong Yang, Chenglei Gao, Fengqiang Li, Huiyu Zhou, Shisheng Li, Hanchao Sun, Xiaowen Meng, Xiangxu
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Flow experience is often considered as an important standard of ideal user experience (UX). Till now, flow is mainly measured via self-report questionnaires, which cannot evaluate flow immediately and objectively. In this paper, we constructed a physiological evaluation model to evaluate flow in virtual reality (VR) game. The evaluation model consists of five first-level indicators and their respective second-level indicators. Then, we conducted an empirical experiment to test the effectiveness of partial indicators to predict flow experience. Most results supported the model and revealed that heart rate, interbeat interval, heart rate variability (HRV), low-frequency HRV (LF-HRV), high-frequency HRV (HF-HRV), and respiratory rate are all effective indicators in predicting flow experience. Further research should be conducted to improve the evaluation model and conclude practical implications in UX and VR game design.
Starting Page	821
Ending Page	832
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16174909
Journal	Personal Technologies
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	16174917
Language	English
Publisher	Springer London
Publisher Date	2016-09-01
Publisher Place	London
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Flow experience Physiological evaluation model User experience Virtual reality game User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction Computer Science Personal Computing Mobile Computing
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Management Science and Operations Research Library and Information Sciences Computer Science Applications Hardware and Architecture

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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