NDLI: Nucleotides and inorganic phosphates as potential antioxidants

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Richter, Yael Fischer, Bilha
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Highly reactive OH radicals, formed in an iron-ion catalyzed Fenton reaction, are implicated in many pathological conditions. The quest for Fenton reaction inhibitors, either radical scavenger or metal-ion chelator antioxidants, spans the previous decades. Purine nucleotides were previously studied as natural modulators of the Fenton reaction; however, the modulatory role of purine nucleotides remained in dispute. Here, we have resolved this long-standing dispute and demonstrated a concentration-dependent biphasic modulation of the Fenton reaction by nucleotides. By electron spin resonance measurements with 0.1 mM Fe(II), we observed an increase of •OH production at low purine nucleotide concentrations (up to 0.15 mM), while at higher nucleotide concentrations, an exponential decay of •OH concentration was observed. We found that the phosphate moiety, not the nucleoside, determines the pro/antioxidant properties of a nucleotide, suggesting a chelation-based modulation. Furthermore, the biphasic modulation mode is probably due to diverse nucleotide–Fe(II) complexes formed in a concentration-dependent manner. At ATP concentrations much greater than Fe(II) concentrations, multiligand chelates are formed which inhibit the Fenton reaction owing to a full Fe(II) coordination sphere. In addition to natural nucleotides, we investigated a series of base- or phosphate-modified nucleotides, dinucleotides, and inorganic phosphates, as potential biocompatible antioxidants. Ap5A, inorganic thiophosphate and ATP-γ-S proved highly potent antioxidants with IC50 values of 40, 30, and 10 μM, respectively. ATP-γ-S proved 100 and 20 times more active than ATP and the potent antioxidant Trolox, respectively. In the presence of 30 μM ATP-γ-S no •OH was detected after 5 min in the Fenton reaction mixture. The most potent antioxidants identified inhibit the Fenton reaction by forming full coordination sphere chelates.
Starting Page	1063
Ending Page	1074
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09498257
Journal	JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	14321327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-08-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fe(II) complexes Electron spin resonance Adenine nucleotides Antioxidants Microbiology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry Inorganic Chemistry

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