NDLI: Arginine metabolism and nutrition in growth, health and disease

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wu, Guoyao Bazer, Fuller W. Davis, Teresa A. Kim, Sung Woo Li, Peng Marc Rhoads, J. Carey Satterfield, M. Smith, Stephen B. Spencer, Thomas E. Yin, Yulong
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	l-Arginine (Arg) is synthesised from glutamine, glutamate, and proline via the intestinal-renal axis in humans and most other mammals (including pigs, sheep and rats). Arg degradation occurs via multiple pathways that are initiated by arginase, nitric-oxide synthase, Arg:glycine amidinotransferase, and Arg decarboxylase. These pathways produce nitric oxide, polyamines, proline, glutamate, creatine, and agmatine with each having enormous biological importance. Arg is also required for the detoxification of ammonia, which is an extremely toxic substance for the central nervous system. There is compelling evidence that Arg regulates interorgan metabolism of energy substrates and the function of multiple organs. The results of both experimental and clinical studies indicate that Arg is a nutritionally essential amino acid (AA) for spermatogenesis, embryonic survival, fetal and neonatal growth, as well as maintenance of vascular tone and hemodynamics. Moreover, a growing body of evidence clearly indicates that dietary supplementation or intravenous administration of Arg is beneficial in improving reproductive, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, gastrointestinal, liver and immune functions, as well as facilitating wound healing, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and maintaining tissue integrity. Additionally, Arg or l-citrulline may provide novel and effective therapies for obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. The effect of Arg in treating many developmental and health problems is unique among AAs, and offers great promise for improved health and wellbeing of humans and animals.
Starting Page	153
Ending Page	168
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09394451
Journal	Amino Acids
Volume Number	37
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14382199
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Vienna
Publisher Date	2008-11-23
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Arginine Disease Health Nutrition Physiology Neurobiology Proteomics Life Sciences Biochemical Engineering Analytical Chemistry Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Organic Chemistry Biochemistry Clinical Biochemistry

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