NDLI: On the excitation of action potentials by protons and its potential implications for cholinergic transmission

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fillafer, Christian Schneider, Matthias F.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	One of the most conserved mechanisms for transmission of a nerve pulse across a synapse relies on acetylcholine (ACh). Ever since the Nobel Prize-winning works of Dale and Loewi, it has been assumed that ACh—subsequent to its action on a postsynaptic cell—is split into inactive by-products by acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Herein, the widespread assumption of inactivity of ACh’s hydrolysis products is falsified. Excitable cells (Chara braunii internodes), which had previously been unresponsive to ACh, became ACh-sensitive in the presence of AChE. The latter was evidenced by a striking difference in cell membrane depolarization upon exposure to 10 mM intact ACh (∆V = −2 ± 5 mV) and its hydrolysate (∆V = 81 ± 19 mV), respectively, for 60 s. This pronounced depolarization, which also triggered action potentials, was clearly attributed to one of the hydrolysis products: acetic acid (∆V = 87 ± 9 mV at pH 4.0; choline ineffective in the range 1–10 mM). In agreement with our findings, numerous studies in the literature have reported that acids excite gels, lipid membranes, plant cells, erythrocytes, as well as neurons. Whether excitation of the postsynaptic cell in a cholinergic synapse is due to protons or due to intact ACh is a most fundamental question that has not been addressed so far.
Starting Page	357
Ending Page	365
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0033183X
Journal	Protoplasma
Volume Number	253
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	16156102
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Vienna
Publisher Date	2015-04-15
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Characeae Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase Acetic acid pH Cell Biology Plant Sciences Zoology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science Medicine

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On the excitation of action potentials by protons and its potential implications for cholinergic transmission

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