NDLI: Phylogenetic analyses of the matrix and non-structural genes of equine influenza viruses

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lindstrom, S. Endo, A. Sugita, S. Pecoraro, M. Hiromoto, Y. Kamada, M. Takahashi, T. Nerome, K.
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	Matrix (M) and nonstructural (NS) genes of thirteen equine H3N8 and H7N7 influenza viruses were sequenced and analyzed from an evolutionary point of view. The M and NS genes of H3N8 viruses isolated between 1989 and 1993 evolved into two minor branch clusters, including isolates from Europe and the American continent, respectively. It was noteworthy to reveal that the nucleotide sequences of the M and NS genes of an earlier American strain showed highest homology to those of recent European viruses. “Frozen evolution” was observed in the M and NS genes of A/eq/LaPlata/1/88. It was also evident that the NS gene of an H7N7 virus from 1977 was very similar to that of a 1979-H3N 8 virus, while the M gene was closest phylogenetically to that of the earliest H7N7 virus isolated in 1956. Furthermore, the M2 protein of A/eq/Newmarket/1/77 virus contained a carboxyl terminal deletion of three amino acids. The evolutionary rates of the M and NS genes of H3N8 equine influenza viruses were estimated to be 5.4 × 10−4 and 5.1 × 10−4 substitutions per site per year, respectively, which were slower than those of human viruses.
Starting Page	1585
Ending Page	1598
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03048608
Journal	Archives of Virology
Volume Number	143
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	14328798
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2014-04-07
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Virology Medical Microbiology Infectious Diseases
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Medicine

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