NDLI: Neutralization of animal virus infectivity by antibody

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Reading, S. A. Dimmock, N. J.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Neutralization is the ability of antibody to bind to and inactivate virus infectivity under defined conditions in vitro. Most neutralizing antibodies also protect animals in vivo, but protection is more complex as it also involves interaction of antibody with cells and molecules of the innate immune system. Neutralization by antibody can be mediated by a number of different mechanisms: by aggregation of virions, destabilization of the virion structure, inhibition of virion attachment to target cells, inhibition of the fusion of the virion lipid membrane with the membrane of the host cell, inhibition of the entry of the genome of non-enveloped viruses into the cell cytoplasm, inhibition of a function of the virion core through a signal transduced by an antibody, transcytosing IgA, and binding to nascent virions to block their budding or release from the cell surface. The mechanism of neutralization is determined by the properties of both a virion epitope and the antibody that reacts with it. Further, since a virus has at least several unique epitopes sited in different locations on the virion, and since the paratope and other properties of the reacting antibody can vary, this means that a virus can be neutralized by several different mechanisms. Understanding the processes of neutralization informs the creation of modern vaccines, and gives valuable insights into virus-cell interactions.
Starting Page	1047
Ending Page	1059
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03048608
Journal	Archives of Virology
Volume Number	152
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14328798
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-02-15
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Virology Medical Microbiology Infectious Diseases
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Medicine

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