NDLI: Deceptive pollination in two subspecies of Disa spathulata (Orchidaceae) differing in morphology and floral fragrance

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Johnson, S.D. Steiner, K.E. Kaiser, R.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	The non-rewarding flowers of Disa spathulata (L.f) Sw. have a highly elongated scent-producing lip that varies in size and form between the two subspecies of this orchid. We investigated whether this unusual morphology is associated with the evolution of a specialized scent-based pollination system. Field observations carried out in South Africa showed that flowers of D. spathulata are pollinated solely by bees belonging to the genus Tetraloniella (Anthophoridae). Flowers of D. spathulata subsp. spathulata were visited by Tetraloniella brevikeraia, while flowers of D. spathulata subsp. tripartita (Lindl.). H. P. Linder were visited by Tetraloniella junodi. The floral fragrance of D. spathulata is emitted by the lip blade and differs markedly between the two subspecies (only 24 [42.1] of the 57 compounds identified were shared). Fragrance of D. spathulata subsp spathulata is dominated by the fatty acid derivatives decyl actetate, octanol, and decanol, while that of D. spathulata subsp. tripartita is dominated by the terpenoids (E) - ocimene, caryophyllene, and (E) nerolidol. Both male and female Tetraloniella bees were strongly attracted to cut flowers of D. spathulata subsp spathulata, even at sites where the orchid does not naturally occur. Bees visit the orchids repeatedly despite the lack of rewards in their flowers. Sexual deception in D. spathulata can be excluded by the attraction of both male and female bees, and yet the manner in which bees are attracted seems too intense and species-specific to be characterized as food-deception. This implies the existence in D. spathulata of a system of scent-based deception of insects that has not been described previously in plants.
Starting Page	87
Ending Page	98
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03782697
Journal	Plant Systematics and Evolution
Volume Number	255
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	16156110
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-07-20
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Bee-pollination Ecotypes Floral evolution Floral scent GCMS Mimicry Orchid pollination Speciation Plant Sciences Plant Ecology Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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