NDLI: Reproductive characterization and preliminary studies on controlled breeding of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Joseph, Nisha Siril, E. A. Nair, G. M.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is an important dye-yielding medium-sized tree occurring in the tropics. Investigations aimed at elucidating the reproductive characters as well as establishing a set of breeding parameters for genetic improvement of B. orellana was carried out. Records on pollen/ovule ratios of annatto showed that this species is xenogamous. The acetolyzed pollen of B. orellana was tricolporate. The fluorochromatic test showed 95% pollen viability. The viability of the pollen grains decreased sharply after 4 h from anther dehiscence. The optimum time range for artificial pollination was standardized between 12:00 and 13:00 h. A high in vitro germination rate (92%) of freshly collected pollen was recorded in modified Brewbaker’s medium with 15% sucrose. Resource allocation studies showed that the construction of each flower cost 1.162 g. The floral vegetative cost was 75%. Of the total allocation, 21% was spent by the stamens. Based on identified reproductive characters, controlled pollination experiments were conducted by selecting four morphologically distinct parent plants: (1) green-fruited with reddish spines, (2) red-fruited, (3) brown large-fruited, and (4) with brown distorted fruits. In artificial cross-pollination experiments, wide variation ranges in fruit set (0–95%) and fruit maturation (0–85%) were observed in different crosses. The number of seeds per capsule also showed variation (0–40 per capsule). Germination studies of seeds raised from different crosses showed a maximum 93% germination. The present study proved that improvement in B. orellana could be achieved by adopting breeding techniques using specifically selected parents.
Starting Page	239
Ending Page	250
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03782697
Journal	Plant Systematics and Evolution
Volume Number	298
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16156110
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Vienna
Publisher Date	2011-09-30
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Bixa orellana Pollen viability In vitro pollen germination Resource allocation Controlled pollination Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Plant Ecology Plant Sciences Plant Anatomy/Development
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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