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Geothermal evolution of the evaporite-bearing sequences of the Lesser Himalaya, India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Singh, S. P. Singh, B. P.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Neoproterozoic evaporites occurring in the western part of the Lesser Himalaya in India, coeval to Pakistan, Iran and Oman evaporites, were investigated in order to understand the degree of metamorphism in them and in associated carbonates. The evaporite-bearing succession occurs in association of phyllite, quartzite and carbonate near the Main boundary Thrust. In order to learn the details about the burial history of these evaporite rocks, the Kübler illite crystallinity index (KI) was measured from the illite peaks of the clay minerals separated from the evaporite rocks and it indicated that this section has reached a maximum temperature up to ~300°C. Microthermometric measurements on fluid inclusions present in the associated dolomite show range of homogenization temperatures (Th), from 220 to 280°C, well within the temperature range of anchizone metamorphism. Additionally, dolomite shows a highly negative δ18O signature (mean, −15.5‰PDB), which is more likely related to diagenetic overprint from deep burial conditions rather than original precipitation from 18O-depleted seawater. The evaporites (sulfates and chloride) probably were transformed many times after their precipitation, but they have retained only the features developed during last one or two phases of alteration and deformation as they are continuously susceptible to minor changes in temperatures and stresses. The final temperature range of 42–78°C in sulfates and chloride gives thermal approximation estimate that is not in concordance with the thermal history of the basin and are likely related to conversion of anhydrite into gypsum and recrystallization of halite during exhumation. Highly negative oxygen isotopic composition, homogenization temperatures and KI values equivalent to a high anchizone metamorphism suggest a burial depth of ~10 km for these terminal Neoproterozoic evaporite-bearing sequences of the Lesser Himalaya.
Starting Page	101
Ending Page	108
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14373254
Journal	International Journal of Earth Sciences
Volume Number	99
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14373262
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-08-26
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Evaporites Kübler illite crystallinity index Very low-grade metamorphic rocks Geothermometry Neoproterozoic Lesser Himalaya Geology Geophysics/Geodesy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences

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