NDLI: Male fertility versus sterility, cytotype, and DNA quantitative variation in seed production in diploid and tetraploid sea lavenders (Limonium sp., Plumbaginaceae) reveal diversity in reproduction modes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Róis, Ana Sofia Teixeira, Generosa Sharbel, Timothy F. Fuchs, Jörg Martins, Sérgio Espírito Santo, Dalila Caperta, Ana D.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The genus Limonium Miller, a complex taxonomic group, comprises annuals and perennials that can produce sexual and/or asexual seeds (apomixis). In this study, we used diverse cytogenetic and cytometric approaches to analyze male sporogenesis and gametogenesis for characterizing male reproductive output on seed production in Limonium ovalifolium and Limonium multiflorum. We showed here that the first species is mostly composed of diploid cytotypes with 2n = 16 chromosomes and the latter species by tetraploid cytotypes with 2n = 32, 34, 35, 36 chromosomes and had a genome roughly twice as big as the former one. In both species, euploid and aneuploid cytotypes with large metacentric chromosomes having decondensed interstitial sites were found within and among populations, possibly involved in chromosomal reconstructions. L. ovalifolium diploids showed regular meiosis resulting in normal tetrads, while diverse chromosome pairing and segregation irregularities leading to the formation of abnormal meiotic products are found in balanced and non-balanced L. multiflorum tetraploids. Before anther dehiscence, the characteristic unicellular, bicellular, or tricellular pollen grains showing the typical Limonium micro- or macro-reticulate exine ornamentation patterns were observed in L. ovalifolium using scanning electron microscopy. Most of these grains were viable and able to produce pollen tubes in vitro. In both balanced and unbalanced L. multiflorum tetraploids, microspores only developed until the “ring-vacuolate stage” with a collapsed morphology without the typical exine patterns, pointing to a sporophytic defect. These microspores were unviable and therefore never germinated in vitro. L. ovalifolium individuals presented larger pollen grains than those of L. multiflorum, indicating that pollen size and ploidy levels are not correlated in the Limonium system. Cytohistological studies in mature seeds from both species revealed that an embryo and a residual endosperm were present in each seed. Flow cytometric seed screens using such mature seeds showed quantitative variations in seeds ploidy level. It is concluded that male function seems to play an important role in the reproduction modes of Limonium diploids and tetraploids.
Starting Page	305
Ending Page	318
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09340882
Journal	Plant Reproduction
Volume Number	25
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14322145
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-10-20
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Apomixis Genome size Limonium Male sporogenesis Male gametogenesis Polyploidy Cell Biology Plant Sciences Agriculture
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science

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