NDLI: Xylem and phloem phenology in co-occurring conifers exposed to drought

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Swidrak, Irene Gruber, Andreas Oberhuber, Walter
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Variability in xylem and phloem phenology among years and species is caused by contrasting temperatures prevailing at the start of the growing season and species-specific sensitivity to drought. The focus of this study was to determine temporal dynamics of xylem and phloem formation in co-occurring deciduous and evergreen coniferous species in a dry inner Alpine environment (750 m a.s.l., Tyrol, Austria). By repeated micro-sampling of the stem, timing of key phenological dates of xylem and phloem formation was compared among mature Pinus sylvestris, Larix decidua and Picea abies during two consecutive years. Xylem formation in P. sylvestris started in mid and late April 2011 and 2012, respectively, and in both years about 2 week later in P. abies and L. decidua. Phloem formation preceded xylem formation on average by 3 week in P. sylvestris, and c. 5 week in P. abies and L. decidua. Based on modeled cell number increase, tracheid production peaked between early through late May 2011 and late May through mid-June 2012. Phloem formation culminated between late April and mid-May in 2011 and in late May 2012. Production of xylem and phloem cells continued for about 4 and 5–6 months, respectively. High variability in xylem increment among years and species is related to exogenous control by climatic factors and species-specific sensitivity to drought, respectively. On the other hand, production of phloem cells was quite homogenous and showed asymptotic decrease with respect to xylem cells indicating endogenous control. Results indicate that onset and culmination of xylem and phloem formation are controlled by early spring temperature, whereby strikingly advanced production of phloem compared to xylem cells suggests lower temperature requirement for initiation of the former.
Starting Page	1161
Ending Page	1171
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09311890
Journal	Trees
Volume Number	28
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14322285
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-05-17
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cambium Drought Intra-annual radial growth Phloem formation Xylogenesis Forestry Plant Sciences Agriculture Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Pathology Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Physiology Plant Science Forestry

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Xylem and phloem phenology in co-occurring conifers exposed to drought

Xylem and phloem phenology in co-occurring conifers exposed to drought

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