NDLI: Emplacement conditions of the c. 1,600-year bp Collier Cone lava flow, Oregon: a LiDAR investigation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Deardorff, Nicholas D. Cashman, Katharine V.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	A long-standing question in lava flow studies has been how to infer emplacement conditions from information preserved in solidified flows. From a hazards perspective, volumetric flux (effusion rate) is the parameter of most interest for open-channel lava flows, as the effusion rate is important for estimating the final flow length, the rate of flow advance, and the eruption duration. The relationship between effusion rate, flow length, and flow advance rate is fairly well constrained for basaltic lava flows, where there are abundant recent examples for calibration. Less is known about flows of intermediate compositions (basaltic andesite to andesite), which are less frequent and where field measurements are limited by the large block sizes and the topographic relief of the flows. Here, we demonstrate ways in which high-resolution digital topography obtained using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems can provide access to terrains where field measurements are difficult or impossible to collect. We map blocky lava flow units using LiDAR-generated bare earth digital terrain models (DTMs) of the Collier Cone lava flow in the central Oregon Cascades. We also develop methods using geographic information systems to extract and quantify morphologic features such as channel width, flow width, flow thickness, and slope. Morphometric data are then analyzed to estimate both effusion rates and emplacement times for the lava flow field. Our data indicate that most of the flow outline (which comprises the earliest, and most voluminous, flow unit) can be well explained by an average volumetric flux ∼14–18 m3/s; channel data suggest an average flux ∼3 m3/s for a later, channel-filling, flow unit. When combined with estimates of flow volume, these data suggest that the Collier Cone lava flow was most likely emplaced over a time scale of several months. This example illustrates ways in which high-resolution DTMs can be used to extract and analyze morphologic measurements and how these measurements can be analyzed to estimate emplacement conditions for inaccessible, heavily vegetated, or extraterrestrial lava flows.
Starting Page	2051
Ending Page	2066
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02588900
Journal	Bulletin of Volcanology
Volume Number	74
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	14320819
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-09-18
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	LiDAR Lava Flow Emplacement Collier Cone GIS Sedimentology Mineralogy Geophysics/Geodesy Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Influence of fluctuating supply on the emplacement dynamics of channelized lava flows

Topographic and stochastic influences on pāhoehoe lava lobe emplacement

The distal segment of Etna’s 2001 basaltic lava flow

Morphological and textural diversity of the Steens Basalt lava flows, Southeastern Oregon, USA: implications for emplacement style and nature of eruptive episodes

Measurement and implication of "effective" viscosity for rhyolite flow emplacement

Measurement and implication of "effective" viscosity for rhyolite flow emplacement

Construction dynamics of a lava channel

Lava flow hazard and risk at Mt. Cameroon volcano

Architecture and emplacement of flood basalt flow fields: case studies from the Columbia River Basalt Group, NW USA

Emplacement conditions of the c. 1,600-year bp Collier Cone lava flow, Oregon: a LiDAR investigation

Similar Documents

Influence of fluctuating supply on the emplacement dynamics of channelized lava flows

Topographic and stochastic influences on pāhoehoe lava lobe emplacement

The distal segment of Etna’s 2001 basaltic lava flow

Morphological and textural diversity of the Steens Basalt lava flows, Southeastern Oregon, USA: implications for emplacement style and nature of eruptive episodes

Measurement and implication of "effective" viscosity for rhyolite flow emplacement

Measurement and implication of "effective" viscosity for rhyolite flow emplacement

Construction dynamics of a lava channel

Lava flow hazard and risk at Mt. Cameroon volcano

Architecture and emplacement of flood basalt flow fields: case studies from the Columbia River Basalt Group, NW USA

Emplacement conditions of the c. 1,600-year bp Collier Cone lava flow, Oregon: a LiDAR investigation