NDLI: Eruptive parameters and dynamics of the April 2015 sub-Plinian eruptions of Calbuco volcano (southern Chile)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Castruccio, Angelo Clavero, Jorge Segura, Andrea Samaniego, Pablo Roche, Olivier Le Pennec, Jean Luc Droguett, Bárbara
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	We conducted geological and petrological analyses of the tephra fallout and pyroclastic density current (PDC) products of the 22-23 April 2015 Calbuco eruptions. The eruptive cycle consisted of two sub-Plinian phases that generated > 15 km height columns and PDCs that travelled up to 6 km from the vent. The erupted volume is estimated at 0.38 km3 (non-DRE), with approximately 90% corresponding to tephra fall deposits and the other 10% to PDC deposits. The erupted products are basaltic-andesite, 54-55 wt.% SiO2, with minor amounts of andesite (58 wt.% SiO2). Despite the uniform composition of the products, there are at least four types of textures in juvenile clasts, with different degrees of vesicularity and types and content of crystals. We propose that the eruption triggering mechanism was either exsolution of volatiles due to crystallization, or a small intrusion into the base of the magma chamber, without significant magma mixing or with a magma compositionally similar to that of the residing magma. In either case the triggering mechanism generated convection and sufficient overpressure to promote the first eruptive phase. The start of the eruption decompressed the chamber, promoting intense vesiculation of the remaining magma and an increase in eruption rate towards the end of the eruption.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	19
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02588900
Journal	Bulletin of Volcanology
Volume Number	78
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	14320819
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-08-22
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Calbuco volcano Southern Andes Sub-Plinian eruption Triggering mechanisms Geology Geophysics/Geodesy Mineralogy Sedimentology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology

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