NDLI: Knock out of neuronal nitric oxide synthase exacerbates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rivera, Leni R. Pontell, Louise Cho, Hyun Jung Castelucci, Patricia Thacker, Michelle Poole, Daniel P. Frugier, Tony Furness, John B.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Recent investigation of the intestine following ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) has revealed that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) neurons are more strongly affected than other neuron types. This implies that NO originating from NOS neurons contributes to neuronal damage. However, there is also evidence of the neuroprotective effects of NO. In this study, we compared the effects of I/R on the intestines of neuronal NOS knockout (nNOS−/−) mice and wild-type mice. I/R caused histological damage to the mucosa and muscle and infiltration of neutrophils into the external muscle layers. Damage to the mucosa and muscle was more severe and greater infiltration by neutrophils occurred in the first 24 h in nNOS−/− mice. Immunohistochemistry for the contractile protein, α-smooth muscle actin, was used to evaluate muscle damage. Smooth muscle actin occurred in the majority of smooth muscle cells in the external musculature of normal mice but was absent from most cells and was reduced in the cytoplasm of other cells following I/R. The loss was greater in nNOS−/− mice. Basal contractile activity of the longitudinal muscle and contractile responses to nerve stimulation or a muscarinic agonist were reduced in regions subjected to I/R and the effects were greater in nNOS−/− mice. Reductions in responsiveness also occurred in regions of operated mice not subjected to I/R. This is attributed to post-operative ileus that is not significantly affected by knockout of nNOS. The results indicate that deleterious effects are greater in regions subjected to I/R in mice lacking nNOS compared with normal mice, implying that NO produced by nNOS has protective effects that outweigh any damaging effect of this free radical produced by enteric neurons.
Starting Page	565
Ending Page	576
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0302766X
Journal	Cell and Tissue Research
Volume Number	349
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14320878
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-06-12
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ischemia Nitric oxide synthase Enteric nervous system Intestine Mouse Molecular Medicine Human Genetics Proteomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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