NDLI: The making of abnormal spermatozoa: cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying pathological spermiogenesis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Chemes, Hector E. Rawe, Vanesa Y.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Fertilization in mammals occurs via a series of well-defined events in the secluded environment of the female reproductive tract. The mode of selection of the fertilizing spermatozoon nevertheless remains unknown. As has become evident during in vitro fertilization by sperm microinjection into the oocyte, abnormal spermatozoa can successfully fertilize oocytes. Under these extreme conditions, post-fertilization events, early embryonic development and implantation are significantly compromised indicating that the contribution of spermatozoa extends beyond sperm penetration. Microscopic identification of normal spermatozoa is a well-standardized procedure but insights into the mechanisms that lead to aberrant sperm differentiation and into the subcellular nature of sperm abnormalities have only recently begun to be obtained. The spermatozoon is the result of a complex development in which spermatid organelles give rise to various structural components with characteristic functions. Similar to other differentiated cells, the spermatozoon has a specific pathology that is most clearly identified by ultrastructural evaluation coupled with immunocytochemistry and molecular techniques. This multidisciplinary approach allows the precise characterization of sperm abnormalities, including structural, molecular and functional aspects. We summarize here studies of the physiopathology of spermiogenesis in two abnormal sperm phenotypes of infertile men: dysplasia of the fibrous sheath and acephalic spermatozoa/abnormal head-tail attachment. The characterization of the abnormalities of the tail cytoskeleton and centrioles has uncovered aspects of the subcellular basis of pathological spermiogenesis, has suggested experimental approaches to explore the nature of these anomalies and has opened the way for genetic studies that will ultimately lead to the design of the therapeutic tools of the future.
Starting Page	349
Ending Page	357
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0302766X
Journal	Cell and Tissue Research
Volume Number	341
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14320878
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-07-02
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Abnormal spermiogenesis Sperm pathology Dysplasia of the fibrous sheath Acephalic sperm Sperm proteasomes Human Molecular Medicine Proteomics Human Genetics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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