NDLI: Photic stimulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus via the non-visual optic system. A gene expression study in the blind Crx −/− mouse

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rovsing, Louise Møller, Morten
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The visual system of vertebrates consists of an image-forming and a non-image-forming optic system; the image-forming optic system involves the classic photoreceptors, the rods and cones, whereas the non-image-forming optic system involves the melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells. Both optic systems make direct neuroanatomical connections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus in which the biological clock of vertebrates is located. The rhythmic output from SCN neurons is entrained by light via the retina and the retinohypothalamic tract. The response of exposure to light during the subjective night is an immediate expression of several early response genes in the SCN. We show, by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, that the amount of melanopsin mRNA in the retinal ganglion cells is preserved in the blind Crx −/− mouse with degenerated classic photoreceptors. At zeitgeber time 16, the Crx −/− and wild-type mice were exposed to 1 h of light. This resulted in a strong up-regulation of the immediate early genes Nr4a1, Erg, and Rrad in the SCN of both genotypes. Light stimulation during the subjective night resulted in a strong up-regulation of c-fos in both genotypes with a significantly higher up-regulation in the blind Crx −/− mouse. Expression of Grp and Vip, the genes for two classic peptides located in the SCN, was not influenced by light stimulation. The data strongly indicate the involvement of the melanopsin-based non-visual optic system in the regulation of immediate early genes in the SCN.
Starting Page	239
Ending Page	248
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0302766X
Journal	Cell and Tissue Research
Volume Number	358
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14320878
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-05-28
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Suprachiasmatic nucleus Light stimulation Crx Neuropeptides Early response genes Mouse Human Genetics Proteomics Molecular Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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