| Author |
Li, Qing Wojciechowski, Robert Simpson, Claire L. Hysi, Pirro G. Verhoeven, Virginie J. M. Ikram, Mohammad Kamran Höhn, René Vitart, Veronique Hewitt, Alex W. Oexle, Konrad Mäkelä, Kari Matti MacGregor, Stuart Pirastu, Mario Fan, Qiao Cheng, Ching Yu St Pourcain, Beaté McMahon, George Kemp, John P. rthstone, Kate Rahi, Jugo S. Cumberland, Phillippa M. Martin, Nicholas G. Sanfilippo, Paul G. Lu, Yi Wang, Ya Xing Hayward, Caroline Polašek, Ozren Campbell, Harry Bencic, Goran Wright, Alan F. Wedeja, Juho Zeller, Tanja Schillert, Arne Mirshahi, Alireza Lackner, Karl Yip, Shea Ping Yap, Maurice K. H. Ried, Janina S. Gieger, Christian Murgia, Federico Wilson, James F. Fleck, Brian Yazar, Seyhan Vingerling, Johannes R. Hofman, Albert Uitterlinden, André Rivadeneira, Fernando Amin, Najaf Karssen, Lennart Oostra, Ben A. Zhou, Xin Teo, Yik Ying Tai, E. Shyong Vithana, Eranga Barathi, Veluchamy Zheng, Yingfeng Siantar, Rosalynn Grace Neelam, Kumari Shin, Youchan Lam, Janice Yova Doing, Ekaterina Venturini, Cristina Hosseini, S. Mohsen Wong, Hoi Suen Lehtimäki, Terho Kähönen, Mika Raitakari, Olli Timpson, Nicholas J. Evans, David M. Khor, Chiea Chuen Aung, Tin Young, Terri L. Mitchell, Paul Klein, Barbara Duijn, Cornelia M. Meitinger, Thomas Jonas, Jost B. Baird, Paul N. Mackey, David A. Wong, Tien Yin Saw, Seang Mei Pärssinen, Olavi Stambolian, Dwight Hammond, Christopher J. Klaver, Caroline C. W. Williams, Cathy Paterson, Andrew D. Bailey Wilson, Joan E. Guggenheim, Jeremy A. |
| Abstract |
To identify genetic variants associated with refractive astigmatism in the general population, meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies were performed for: White Europeans aged at least 25 years (20 cohorts, N = 31,968); Asian subjects aged at least 25 years (7 cohorts, N = 9,295); White Europeans aged <25 years (4 cohorts, N = 5,640); and all independent individuals from the above three samples combined with a sample of Chinese subjects aged <25 years (N = 45,931). Participants were classified as cases with refractive astigmatism if the average cylinder power in their two eyes was at least 1.00 diopter and as controls otherwise. Genome-wide association analysis was carried out for each cohort separately using logistic regression. Meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed effects model. In the older European group the most strongly associated marker was downstream of the neurexin-1 (NRXN1) gene (rs1401327, P = 3.92E−8). No other region reached genome-wide significance, and association signals were lower for the younger European group and Asian group. In the meta-analysis of all cohorts, no marker reached genome-wide significance: The most strongly associated regions were, NRXN1 (rs1401327, P = 2.93E−07), TOX (rs7823467, P = 3.47E−07) and LINC00340 (rs12212674, P = 1.49E−06). For 34 markers identified in prior GWAS for spherical equivalent refractive error, the beta coefficients for genotype versus spherical equivalent, and genotype versus refractive astigmatism, were highly correlated (r = −0.59, P = 2.10E−04). This work revealed no consistent or strong genetic signals for refractive astigmatism; however, the TOX gene region previously identified in GWAS for spherical equivalent refractive error was the second most strongly associated region. Analysis of additional markers provided evidence supporting widespread genetic co-susceptibility for spherical and astigmatic refractive errors. |
