NDLI: Primordial dwarfism: overview of clinical and genetic aspects

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Khetarpal, Preeti Das, Satrupa Panigrahi, Inusha Munshi, Anjana
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Primordial dwarfism is a group of genetic disorders which include Seckel Syndrome, Silver–Russell Syndrome, Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism types I/III, II and Meier–Gorlin Syndrome. This genetic disorder group is characterized by intra-uterine growth retardation and post-natal growth abnormalities which occur as a result of disorganized molecular and genomic changes in embryonic stage and, thus, it represents a unique area to study growth and developmental abnormalities. Lot of research has been carried out on different aspects; however, a consolidated review that discusses an overall spectrum of this disorder is not accessible. Recent research in this area points toward important molecular and cellular mechanisms in human body that regulate the complexity of growth process. Studies have emerged that have clearly associated with a number of abnormal chromosomal, genetic and epigenetic alterations that can predispose an embryo to develop PD-associated developmental defects. Finding and associating such fundamental changes to its subtypes will help in re-examination of alleged functions at both cellular and developmental levels and thus reveal the intrinsic mechanism that leads to a balanced growth. Although such findings have unraveled a subtle understanding of growth process, we further require active research in terms of identification of reliable biomarkers for different subtypes as an immediate requirement for clinical utilization. It is hoped that further study will advance the understanding of basic mechanisms regulating growth relevant to human health. Therefore, this review has been written with an aim to present an overview of chromosomal, molecular and epigenetic modifications reported to be associated with different subtypes of this heterogenous disorder. Further, latest findings with respect to clinical and molecular genetics research have been summarized to aid the medical fraternity in their clinical utility, for diagnosing disorders where there are overlapping physical attributes and simultaneously inform about the latest developments in PD biology.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	15
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16174615
Journal	Molecular and General Genetics MGG
Volume Number	291
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16174623
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-09-01
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Primordial dwarfism Subtypes Clinical Genetics Cell Biology Biochemistry Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics & Genomics Animal Genetics and Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Medicine Molecular Biology

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