NDLI: Shedding light on bioactivity of botanical by-products: neem cake compounds deter oviposition of the arbovirus vector Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the field

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Benelli, Giovanni Conti, Barbara Garreffa, Rita Nicoletti, Marcello
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Industrial plant-borne by-products can be sources of low-cost chemicals, potentially useful to build eco-friendly control strategies against mosquitoes. Neem cake is a cheap by-product of neem oil extraction obtained by pressing the seeds of Azadirachta indica. Neem products are widely used as insecticides since rarely induce resistance because their multiple mode of action against insect pests and low-toxicity rates have been detected against vertebrates. In this research, we used field bioassays to assess the effective oviposition repellence of neem cake fractions of increasing polarity [n-hexane (A), methanol (B), ethyl acetate (C), n-butanol (D), and aqueous (E) fraction] against Aedes albopictus, currently the most invasive mosquito worldwide. These fractions, already characterized for low nortriterpenoids contents by HPLC analyses, were analyzed for their total content by HPTLC, highlighting striking differences in their chemical composition. Field results showed that B, A, and C tested at 100 ppm exerted higher effective repellence over the control (71.33, 88.59, and 73.49 % of ER, respectively), while E and D did not significantly deter A. albopictus oviposition (17.06 and 22.72 % of ER, respectively). The highest oviposition activity index was achieved by A (−0.82), followed by C (−0.63), and B (−0.62). Lower OAIs were achieved by D (−0.14) and E (−0.09). On the basis of our results, we believe that A, B, and C are very promising as oviposition deterrents against the arbovirus vector A. albopictus since they are proved as rich in active metabolites, cheap, and really effective at low doses.
Starting Page	933
Ending Page	940
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09320113
Journal	Parasitology Research
Volume Number	113
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14321955
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-12-13
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Medical Microbiology Microbiology Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Veterinary Parasitology Insect Science

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