NDLI: Functional analysis of a novel cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptide from the salivary glands of the tick Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zhang, Houshuang Yang, Siqi Gong, Haiyan Cao, Jie Zhou, Yongzhi Zhou, Jinlin
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Ticks encounter various microbes while sucking blood from an infected host and carrying these pathogens in themselves. Ticks can then transmit these pathogens to vertebrate hosts. The immune system of ticks can be stimulated to produce many bioactive molecules during feeding and pathogen invasion. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key effector molecules of a tick’s immune response, as they can kill invading pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, we identified a novel cysteine-rich AMP, designated Rhamp1, in the salivary glands of unfed and fed female ticks (Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides). Rhamp1 is encoded by a gene with an open reading frame of 333 bp, which in turn encodes a peptide of 12 kDa with a 22 amino acid residue signal peptide. The Rhamp1 protein had a pI of 8.6 and contained six conserved cysteine residues at the C-terminus. Rhamp1 shared 43 % amino acid identity with a secreted cysteine-rich protein of another tick species, Ixodes scapularis. We cloned the Rhamp1 gene and attempted to express a recombinant protein using prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, to determine its biological significance. Recombinant Rhamp1 was successfully expressed in both systems, yielding a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tagged protein (36 kDa) from the prokaryotic system, and a polyhistidine-tagged Rhamp1 protein (14 kDa) from the eukaryotic system. Rhamp1 inhibited the activities of chymotrypsin (16 %) and elastase (22 %) and exerted low hemolytic activity. It also inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (49 %), Salmonella typhimurium (50 %), and Escherichia coli (52 %). Our findings suggest that Rhamp1 is a novel AMP in R. haemaphysaloides with the ability to inhibit proteinase activity.
Starting Page	3855
Ending Page	3863
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09320113
Journal	Parasitology Research
Volume Number	114
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	14321955
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-07-09
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Antimicrobial peptide Rhamp1 Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloide Salivary gland Baculovirus expression system Functional analysis Medical Microbiology Microbiology Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Veterinary Parasitology Insect Science

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