NDLI: Lower nasopharyngeal epithelial cell repair and diminished innate inflammation responses contribute to the onset of acute otitis media in otitis-prone children

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Lower nasopharyngeal epithelial cell repair and diminished innate inflammation responses contribute to the onset of acute otitis media in otitis-prone children

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Verhoeven, David Nesselbush, Monica Pichichero, Michael E.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	About 30 % of young children experience excessive, frequent episodes of middle ear infection and are classified as acute otitis media prone (OP). Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a predominant otopathogen in OP and non-OP (NOP) children. The pathogenesis of middle ear infection involves otopathogen nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization followed by an upper respiratory viral infection that modifies the NP environment to allow a sufficient inoculum of bacteria to reflux via the Eustachian tube into the middle ear space. Here, we analyzed the NP mucosal repair response between age-matched stringently defined OP (sOP) and NOP children who progressed to middle ear infection caused by Spn. We found lower epidermal growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, and angiogenin cytokine concentrations in nasal washes of sOP compared with NOP children. Despite higher expression of TLR2/4 transcript expression in nasal epithelium and in polymorphonuclear cells present in nasal secretions in sOP children, sOP children had lower expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 in the NP. Chemotaxis-associated cytokine expression at onset of AOM in sOP children was also lower compared with NOP children, possibly indicating a lower capacity to signal the innate immune system. We conclude that lower epithelial cell repair responses during viral infection in the NP combined with diminished innate inflammatory responses potentiate Spn pathogenesis in the sOP child.
Starting Page	295
Ending Page	302
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03008584
Journal	Medical Microbiology and Immunology
Volume Number	202
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14321831
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-04-11
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Streptococcus pneumoniae Nasal epithelial repair Innate immune responses Acute otitis media Otitis-prone Medical Microbiology Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Immunology Microbiology (medical)

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Lower Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cell Repair and Diminished Innate Inflammation Responses Contribute to the Onset of Acute Otitis Media in Otitis-Prone Children

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