NDLI: Intermittent control: a computational theory of human control

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gawthrop, Peter Loram, Ian Lakie, Martin Gollee, Henrik
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	The paradigm of continuous control using internal models has advanced understanding of human motor control. However, this paradigm ignores some aspects of human control, including intermittent feedback, serial ballistic control, triggered responses and refractory periods. It is shown that event-driven intermittent control provides a framework to explain the behaviour of the human operator under a wider range of conditions than continuous control. Continuous control is included as a special case, but sampling, system matched hold, an intermittent predictor and an event trigger allow serial open-loop trajectories using intermittent feedback. The implementation here may be described as “continuous observation, intermittent action”. Beyond explaining unimodal regulation distributions in common with continuous control, these features naturally explain refractoriness and bimodal stabilisation distributions observed in double stimulus tracking experiments and quiet standing, respectively. Moreover, given that human control systems contain significant time delays, a biological-cybernetic rationale favours intermittent over continuous control: intermittent predictive control is computationally less demanding than continuous predictive control. A standard continuous-time predictive control model of the human operator is used as the underlying design method for an event-driven intermittent controller. It is shown that when event thresholds are small and sampling is regular, the intermittent controller can masquerade as the underlying continuous-time controller and thus, under these conditions, the continuous-time and intermittent controller cannot be distinguished. This explains why the intermittent control hypothesis is consistent with the continuous control hypothesis for certain experimental conditions.
Starting Page	31
Ending Page	51
Page Count	21
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03401200
Journal	Biological Cybernetics
Volume Number	104
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14320770
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2011-02-17
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Intermittent control Predictive control Optimal control Human operator Human balancing Bioinformatics Neurosciences Statistical Physics, Dynamical Systems and Complexity Neurobiology Computer Application in Life Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science Biotechnology

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