NDLI: Effects of 14 days of microgravity on fast hindlimb and diaphragm muscles of the rat

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Schuenke, Mark D. Reed, David W. Kraemer, William J. Staron, Robert S. Volek, Jeff S. Hymer, Wesley C. Gordon, Scott Perry Koziris, L.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of 14 days of microgravity on specific rat fast-twitch muscles, and to compare these data with previous data from rat fast-twitch muscles exposed to microgravity for 10 days (Kraemer et al. 2000). Hindlimb muscles containing predominately fast fibers [extensor digitorum longus (EDL), superficial “white” (GSW) and deep “red” (GDR) gastrocnemius] and the diaphragm (DIA) were removed from flight and ground-based control animals and analyzed for: muscle mass, fiber type distribution, cross-sectional area, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content. Gravitational unloading for 14 days caused significant decreases in muscle mass (8–9%) and cross-sectional area of almost all fiber types (10–35%) from both EDL and gastrocnemius muscles. However, microgravity had little effect on fiber type composition in these muscles with significant changes occurring only in the EDL type IID fiber population (9.5% decrease). Similarly, relative MHC isoform content was only slightly altered by exposure to microgravity (increased content of MHCIIa in flight EDL). No changes in area, fiber type percentages, or MHC isoform content were detected in the DIA following the 14-day spaceflight. Similar to data gathered following a 10-day spaceflight (Kraemer et al. 2000), the 14-day flight did not appear to cause significant slow-to-fast (I → IIA) or fast-to-faster (IIA → IID → IIB) transformations in hindlimb muscles containing predominantly fast-twitch fibers. However, the longer period of gravitational unloading did result in additional loss in muscle fiber cross-sectional area with involvement of more major fiber types.
Starting Page	885
Ending Page	892
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	106
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-05-31
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Muscle fiber types Myosin heavy chains mATPase histochemistry Microgravity Spaceflight Sports Medicine Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Human Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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