NDLI: Repeated apnea-induced contraction of the spleen in cyclists does not enhance performance in a subsequent time-trial

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sperlich, Billy Zinner, Christoph Pfister, Roman Holmberg, Hans Christer Michels, Guido
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Splenic contraction induced by repeated apneas has been shown to increase oxygen availability. Our aim was to determine whether repeated maximal voluntary apnea enhances the performance of cyclists in a subsequent 4-km time trial.Seven male cyclists [age: 27.1 ± 2.1 years; height: 182 ± 8 cm; body mass: 74.8 ± 9.2 kg; peak oxygen uptake: 56.9 ± 6.6 mL min−1 kg−1 (mean ± SD)] performed a 4-km time trial on an ergometer with and without four prior maximal bouts of apnea interspersed with 2 min of recovery.The average power output during the time trial was similar with (293 ± 48 W) and without (305 ± 42 W) prior apnea (P = 0.11, d = 0.27). The spleen was reduced in size after the fourth bout of apnea (−12.4 ± 9.0 %), as well as one (−36.6 ± 10.3 %) and 10 min (−19.5 ± 17.9 %) after the time trial, while with normal breathing the spleen was smaller one (−35.0 ± 11.3 %) and 10 min (−23.4 ± 19.7 %) after the time trial. Heart rate; oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production; tissue oxygen saturation; and the lactate concentration, pH, oxygen saturation, level of hemoglobin and hematocrit of the blood were similar under both conditions.Our present findings reveal that four apneas by cyclists prior to a 4-km time trial led to splenic contraction, but no change in mean power output, the level of hemoglobin, hematocrit, oxygen saturation of the m. vastus lateralis or oxygen uptake.
Starting Page	205
Ending Page	212
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	115
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-09-27
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Breath-hold Cycling Hypoxia Repeated apneas Spleen contraction Human Physiology Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Sports Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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