NDLI: Insights into central and peripheral factors affecting the “oxidative performance” of skeletal muscle in aging

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ferri, Alessandra Adamo, Saverio Longaretti, Miriam Marzorati, Mauro Lanfranconi, Francesca Marchi, Antonietta Grassi, Bru
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	During exercises with relatively small muscle masses, limitations to exercise performance by the cardiovascular system should be significantly reduced, allowing one to fully-test the “oxidative potential” of the investigated muscles. Ten elderly males (E, 77.8 ± 2.9 years [ $$ \overline{x} \pm {\text{SD}} $$ ]) and eight young controls (Y, 26.6 ± 3.0) underwent incremental exercises to voluntary exhaustion on a dynamic leg-extension (dominant limb) machine (knee-extension, KE) and on a cycloergometer (CYCLO). During KE the load was increased every 3 min to loads corresponding to 20, 40 and 60% of the force of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The following variables were determined (vastus lateralis muscle): concentration changes of deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin (Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)]) by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), expressed as percentage of the maximal value obtained during transient limb ischemia, and taken as an index of O2 extraction; root mean square (RMS) and median power frequency (MDF) by electromyography. The total lifted load during KE and peak workload during CYCLO were lower in E versus Y (620.4 ± 321.9 kg vs. 1347.4 ± 458.7; 113.5 ± 23.9 W vs. 224.3 ± 41.0, respectively). During CYCLO Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)] peak (i.e. the value determined at exhaustion) was lower in E (44.5 ± 17.7%) versus Y (67.1 ± 22.9), whereas during KE Δ[deoxy(Hb + Mb)] peak was higher in E (56.8 ± 20.9%) versus Y (38.6 ± 15.8). “Thresholds”, that is abrupt increases in RMS slopes, were detected in Y but not in E, suggesting less recruitment or a preferential atrophy of type 2 fibers in the elderly. These findings, associated with the preserved capacity of O2 extraction, suggest a shift towards oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscles of 78 year-old subjects, which could preserve, at least in part, their capacity to carry out exercise.
Starting Page	571
Ending Page	579
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	100
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-12-22
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Knee extension Near-infrared spectroscopy Electromyography Small muscles exercise Sports Medicine Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Human Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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