NDLI: Biological monitoring of exposure to solvents using the chemical itself in urine: application to toluene

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ducos, P. Berode, M. Francin, J. M. Arux, C. Lefèvre, C.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Biomonitoring of solvents using the unchanged substance in urine as exposure indicator is still relatively scarce due to some discrepancies between the results reported in the literature. Based on the assessment of toluene exposure, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of some steps likely to bias the results and to measure urinary toluene both in volunteers experimentally exposed and in workers of rotogravure factories.Static headspace was used for toluene analysis. o-Cresol was also measured for comparison. Urine collection, storage and conservation conditions were studied to evaluate possible loss or contamination of toluene in controlled situations applied to six volunteers in an exposure chamber according to four scenarios with exposure at stable levels from 10 to 50 ppm. Kinetics of elimination of toluene were determined over 24 h. A field study was then carried out in a total of 29 workers from two rotogravure printing facilities.Potential contamination during urine collection in the field is confirmed to be a real problem but technical precautions for sampling, storage and analysis can be easily followed to control the situation. In the volunteers at rest, urinary toluene showed a rapid increase after 2 h with a steady level after about 3 h. At 47.1 ppm the mean cumulated excretion was about 0.005% of the amount of the toluene ventilated. Correlation between the toluene levels in air and in end of exposure urinary sample was excellent (r = 0.965). In the field study, the median personal exposure to toluene was 32 ppm (range 3.6–148). According to the correlations between environmental and biological monitoring data, the post-shift urinary toluene (r = 0.921) and o-cresol (r = 0.873) concentrations were, respectively, 75.6 μg/l and 0.76 mg/g creatinine for 50 ppm toluene personal exposure. The corresponding urinary toluene concentration before the next shift was 11 μg/l (r = 0.883).Urinary toluene was shown once more time a very interesting surrogate to o-cresol and could be recommended as a biomarker of choice for solvent exposure.
Starting Page	273
Ending Page	284
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03400131
Journal	International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Volume Number	81
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14321246
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-06-29
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biological monitoring Toluene Urine Headspace o-cresol Rehabilitation Environmental Health Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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