NDLI: Immunological biomarkers in salt miners exposed to salt dust, diesel exhaust and nitrogen oxides

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Backé, Eva Lotz, Gabriele Tittelbach, Ulrike Plitzko, Sabine Gierke, Erhardt Schneider, Wolfram Dietmar
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Air pollutants can affect lung function and also the immune system. In a study about lung function of salt miners in relation to the complex exposure in a salt mine, we also analysed selected immunological parameters and inflammation markers in the blood of miners. Effect of salt dust, diesel exhaust, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoking on the biomarkers was analysed.Blood was drawn from 286 salt miners, and the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (s-ICAM), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) and clara cell protein (CC16) were analysed by an immunoassay, blood profile was done and lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3, CD3/CD4, CD3/CD8, CD19, NK-cells, CD3/HLA-DR) were determined by flow cytometry. Salt dust was measured by two-step gravimetry (personal sampling). Diesel exhaust was measured as elemental carbon concentration by coulometry. NOx were determined by an electrochemical cell method. Differences between non-smokers, former smokers and active smokers were analysed by analysis of variance. Linear regression analysis to describe exposure–response relationships was done with regard to confounding factors [smoking, inflammatory diseases, time of blood drawing, respiratory infection and body-mass index (BMI)].Significant differences between non-smokers and active smokers were found for most of the leukocyte types (e.g. granulocytes P=0.000, lymphocytes P=0.002, T-cells P=0.033) and for some soluble parameters (ICAM P=0.000, IgM P=0.007, IgE P=0.035). Increasing numbers of total lymphocytes, T-cells and HLA-DR positive T-cells in relation to exposure were found by linear regression analysis (e.g. for inhalable dust:total lymphocytes P=0.011, T-cells P=0.061, HLA-DR positive T-cells P=0.007).Comparison of immunological markers in non-smokers and active smokers confirms leukocytosis and inflammation following tobacco consumption. The combined exposure of salt dust, diesel exhaust and NOx seems to influence the immune system. Together, the results suggest that the analysis of leukocytes and their subsets can complete other investigations (lung function, questionnaire) to monitor exposure–response relationships in occupational studies investigating the effect of inhaled substances. Longitudinal studies will be necessary to determine the predictive value of the immunological changes.
Starting Page	319
Ending Page	327
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03400131
Journal	International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Volume Number	77
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14321246
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-06-12
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Immune system Salt dust Diesel exhaust Nitrogen oxides Exposure–response relationship
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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