NDLI: “Tasting” the airway lining fluid

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Krasteva, G. Kummer, W.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Specialized epithelial cells of the respiratory tract have been termed “solitary chemosensory cells” based upon the expression of components of the canonical sweet, umami and bitter taste transduction pathway, or “brush cells” based upon their characteristic morphological feature, i.e. an apical, brush-like tuft of rigid, villin containing microvilli. Cells defined by these criteria might not match one-to-one, and a generally accepted terminology is still lacking. With respect to cellular shape, ultrastructure, expression of elements of the taste transduction cascade, innervation and synapse formation, and effects evoked upon their stimulation, it appears that chemosensory/brush in the upper respiratory tract (nasal respiratory mucosa, vomeronasal duct, auditory tube), in the olfactory mucosa, in the larynx, in the lower airways (trachea, bronchi) and in the alveolar region (rat only) each represent distinct groups. Still, they have in common to monitor the chemical composition of the mucosal lining fluid. They serve as sentinels detecting bacterial colonization or the presence of other harmful components in the mucosal lining fluid, leading to the initiation of avoidance reflexes and/or local defense mechanisms which are adapted to their anatomical localization. Free nerve endings are also responsive to inhaled irritants and further work will be needed to discriminate between the contributions of such nerve endings and chemosensory cells in chemical monitoring and defense initiation. Interestingly, there is first emerging evidence that respiratory chemosensory cells may respond to more than one canonical taste quality so that they, in analogy to polymodal nociceptors, may serve as polymodal chemosensors of potentially dangerous signals.
Starting Page	365
Ending Page	383
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09486143
Journal	Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Volume Number	138
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1432119X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-07-10
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	α-Gustducin Bitter Brush cell Chemosensory cell Taste Quorum-sensing molecules Medicine/Public Health Anatomy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Histology Molecular Biology Medical Laboratory Technology

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