NDLI: Non-random chromosome arrangement in triploid endosperm nuclei

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Baroux, Célia Pecinka, Ales Fuchs, Jörg Kreth, Gregor Schubert, Ingo Grossniklaus, Ueli
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The endosperm is at the center of successful seed formation in flowering plants. Being itself a product of fertilization, it is devoted to nourish the developing embryo and typically possesses a triploid genome consisting of two maternal and one paternal genome complement. Interestingly, endosperm development is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms conferring parent-of-origin-dependent effects that influence seed development. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we have previously described an endosperm-specific heterochromatin fraction, which increases with higher maternal, but not paternal, genome dosage. Here, we report a detailed analysis of chromosomal arrangement and association frequency in endosperm nuclei. We found that centromeric FISH signals in isolated nuclei show a planar alignment that may results from a semi-rigid, connective structure between chromosomes. Importantly, we found frequent pairwise association of centromeres, chromosomal segments, and entire arms of chromosomes in 3C endosperm nuclei. These associations deviate from random expectations predicted by numerical simulations. Therefore, we suggest a non-random chromosomal organization in the triploid nuclei of Arabidopsis endosperm. This contrasts with the prevailing random arrangement of chromosome territories in somatic nuclei. Based on observations on a series of nuclei with varying parental genome ratios, we propose a model where chromosomes associate pairwise involving one maternal and one paternal complement. The functional implications of this predicted chromosomal arrangement are discussed.
Starting Page	115
Ending Page	124
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00095915
Journal	Chromosoma
Volume Number	126
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14320886
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-02-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Endosperm Chromosome association Parent-of-origin effect Arabidopsis Chromocenter Centromere Cell Biology Developmental Biology Biochemistry Human Genetics Animal Genetics and Genomics Eukaryotic Microbiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Genetics (clinical)

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