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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Schartl, Manfred Schmid, Michael Nanda, Indrajit |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | The Y and W chromosomes of mammals and birds are known to be small because most of their genetic content degenerated and were lost due to absence of recombination with the X or Z, respectively. Thus, a picture has emerged of ever-shrinking Ys and Ws that may finally even fade into disappearance. We review here the large amount of literature on sex chromosomes in vertebrate species and find by taking a closer look, particularly at the sex chromosomes of fishes, amphibians and reptiles where several groups have evolutionary younger chromosomes than those of mammals and birds, that the perception of sex chromosomes being doomed to size reduction is incomplete. Here, sex-determining mechanisms show a high turnover and new sex chromosomes appear repeatedly. In many species, Ys and Ws are larger than their X and Z counterparts. This brings up intriguing perspectives regarding the evolutionary dynamics of sex chromosomes. It can be concluded that, due to accumulation of repetitive DNA and transposons, the Y and W chromosomes can increase in size during the initial phase of their differentiation. |
| Starting Page | 553 |
| Ending Page | 571 |
| Page Count | 19 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00095915 |
| Journal | Chromosoma |
| Volume Number | 125 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 14320886 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2015-12-29 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Heterochromatin Sex chromosome Degeneration WZ/ZZ XX/XY Homomorphy Heteromorphy Cell Biology Developmental Biology Biochemistry Human Genetics Animal Genetics and Genomics Eukaryotic Microbiology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Genetics Genetics (clinical) |
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